Commentary
And when the allegiance in the unseen, which is prohibited absolutely and always, can be done and its denial is claimed due to its concealment, he ﷺ commanded him to warn them against the allegiance of his enemies in the manner of hypocrisy or otherwise. He said: - And Al-Harali said: And when the reality of what he prohibited in allegiance and piety is an unseen matter that results in a visible action, the warning regarding it fell upon the action. He repeated the warning regarding what is beyond the action, which is in the hearts, and he alerted it regarding the attainment of knowledge secretly. For indeed, something may be left off in action, and the soul does not stop its inclination towards it at times. He repeated the warning at the end so that the two warnings would be a progression from the visible action to the unseen protection in knowledge, just as the two matters were repeated in the visible and the unseen. And in conducting this address through the tongue of the Prophet ﷺ is an evidence against them, as he is a human like them, and they are obliged to follow him in what they did not hasten to take from Allah in His address, which he hinted towards them; it has ended. So He, the Exalted, said: "Say, if you conceal" meaning, O believers, "what is in your hearts or you reveal it, Allah knows it" meaning, the All-Encompassing in power and knowledge. Then He said, adding to the entirety of the conditional statement, which is the saying intended for generalization: "and He knows what" meaning, all that "is in the heavens." And when man is naturally inclined to think that if he conceals something in himself, no one else knows it, He confirmed this by repeating the relative pronoun and said: "and what" meaning, and all that "is in the earth," whether it is apparent or hidden.
And when the one of knowledge is not complete except with power, and it is necessary for the completeness of knowledge that power is comprehensive - as will come, if Allah wills, His proof in Surah Taha - the estimation was: So Allah is All-Knowing of everything. So He added to it His saying: "and Allah" meaning, with what He has of the attributes of perfection "is All-Powerful over everything." And among the type of that is His saying, glorified and exalted is He: "Indeed, Allah does not hide anything in the earth nor in the heavens" [Aali 'Imran: 5], with the mention of the creation as He wills and concluding with the descriptions of might and wisdom. And He, glorified and exalted is He, indicated by His uniqueness in the attributes of knowledge and power to His uniqueness in divinity.
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