Commentary
So when His specificity, glorified and exalted is He, was established with the attribute of power in the broadest sense, He mentioned some of what lies beneath that, of which nothing falls under the power of others. He said: - And al-Harali said: And when this verse contained psychological fluctuations in the human being, it was connected to the mention of fluctuations in the revolving world, so that each of them may take consideration from the other. And when the separation of taking away and giving, honor and humiliation appeared in this verse, He indicated in the following verse the intermingling of some of them with others to signal the entrance of honor into humiliation and humiliation into honor, and giving in taking away and taking away in giving, and the intermingling of the disparate and the opposites with each other. And when this surah contained the clarification of the precision and similarity in the abode of the Book by the ruling of the Criterion, He manifested in its verses what is precise and clarified in His creation and command, and what is ambiguous and intermingled in His creation and command. Thus, among the precise verses regarding the existing human being was what was included in the giving of kingship and its taking away, and the honoring and humiliating. And among the ambiguity was the entrance of honor into humiliation and the entrance of humiliation into honor. So when He explicitly stated the precision by clarifying the two ends in the existing human being, and included in the discourse its ambiguity in mentioning honor and humiliation, He explicitly stated it in the verse of the revolving universe. He mentioned the verse of the horizons, which is the night and the day, with what is observed in it from the intermingling, where that appeared in it and was hidden in the intermingling of the states of the existing human being. For the precision and ambiguity are interchangeable between the two verses: the verse of the existing human being and the verse of the revolving universe of the Throne. So whatever ambiguity occurred in one of them, its precision appeared in the other. So He said, glorified and exalted is He: ﴿You bring the night into the day﴾, meaning the entrance into the thing that conceals the entirety of the entrant. ﴿the night into the day﴾, in it is a detail of the extent of His power. For He, glorified and exalted is He, makes each of the opposites a covering for the other, entering into it in a way that the reach of minds cannot attain due to the separation of the opposites in the rational. Thus, in the power is the entrance of the opposites into each other and the depositing of some into others in a way that cannot be comprehended by reason nor attained by thought. Ended.
﴿And You bring the day into the night﴾, meaning You enter each of them into the other after its appearance until it goes into it and hides, and no trace remains for it. Al-Harali said: And when He made the succeeding night and day intermingling, He made the concealed living and dead as two exits. What appeared in it as death, life concealed in it, and what appeared in it as life, death concealed in it; ended. So He said, glorified and exalted is He: ﴿And You bring forth the living﴾, meaning from plants and animals ﴿from the dead﴾ of both of them ﴿And You bring forth﴾ the dead ﴿from the living﴾ of both of them likewise.
Al-Harali said: This is the Sunnah of Allah, the Most High, and His wisdom in the existing being and in the revolving universe. As for the revolving universe, it is by bringing forth the living from the dead seeds and the dead matter, and by its appearance in sight, it was more wise in expression than what occurs in the existing being. Likewise, the existing being brings forth the living believer, certain in faith, from the dead disbeliever, ignorant.
And the saying of Allah: "And Abraham's seeking forgiveness for his father was only by a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to him that he was an enemy to Allah, he disassociated himself from him" [At-Tawbah: 114]. And the disbeliever who is obstinate comes out from the merciful believer: "O Noah, indeed he is not of your family" [Hud: 46]. Glorified and exalted is He, by this He has shown the aspects of wisdom and ambiguity in the two verses of His creation, so that this may be a sign regarding His command, and to clarify what appears from His knowledge and power over whom He wills of His servants, as He has shown in His angels and His prophets.
And as He has specified with what He willed of the manifestation of His great command in the two greatest examples: the example of Adam and Jesus, blessings and peace be upon them. This Surah was revealed to clarify the matter regarding what has become ambiguous to those who are confused about the matter of Jesus, blessings and peace be upon him. So He, the Most High, has manifested from the death of humanity what He willed of revival by His permission. And He has shown in Adam, blessings and peace be upon him, what He willed of His knowledge when He taught Adam all the names. Likewise, He has shown in Jesus, blessings and peace be upon him, what He willed of His power, as He has shown in creation what He willed of His dominion. He has dominion over whom He wills and takes away dominion from whom He wills, and He honors whom He wills and humiliates whom He wills. He has shown in the daytime what He willed and obscured in the night what He willed, and He has caused the opposites to enter into one another and brought forth the hidden from one another. The end.
And when the verse began, glorified and exalted is He, with what necessitates encouragement regarding the conditions of the souls from kingship and types of goodness, He concluded it with something that kingship cannot stand nor pleasant living be except by it. So He said: ﴿And You provide for whom You will﴾ whether strong or weak ﴿without account﴾ meaning, You give him a very vast provision that is continuous without constriction or hardship, as He did with the first of this nation when they were in a state of scarcity and weakness, where He destroyed the kings and rulers by them and granted them their treasures and made their children serve them and settled them in their homes. And Al-Harali said: And when glorified and exalted is He mentioned this decree and the ambiguity in the matter of the nobility of creation, the people of the honor of kingship and the people of the dignity of religion, He concluded the discourse with the matter of provision, which is the completion of creation. In it is from the decree and ambiguity similar to that in giving and taking, and in it is from the weighing and giving in measure. He concluded with the most precious of it, which is the provision that does not occur according to weight nor is it by account. In it is an indication of the final provision that will be in the last of the Muhammadan day for those whom Allah, glorified and exalted is He, grants whatever He wills of His kingship, honor, and vast provision without account. Just as He concluded kingship for the Children of Israel with the kingship of Solomon, blessings and peace be upon him, in His saying, glorified and exalted is He: ﴿This is Our provision, so bestow or withhold without account﴾ [Sad: 39], likewise He will conclude for this nation by providing for them without account when the earth gives forth its blessings and is purified from its trials. Thus, the ability will occur in the conclusion of the Muhammadan day with guidance and peace, just as it ended for the Children of Israel with kingship and strength. The end.
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