Tafsir for verse: 3:16
ٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّنَآ ءَامَنَّا فَٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ ١٦ ﴿16
16Those (are the ones) who say: “Our Lord, surely we have believed, so forgive us our sins and save us from the punishment of the Fire,”
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Commentary

And when He, glorified and exalted is He, informed that He is All-Seeing of those who deserve what He has prepared of victory, He followed it with what they deserved that by which they earned it of the attributes, as a favor from Him upon them with it and by making that obligatory upon Himself, urging them to adorn themselves with those attributes. He said: - And Al-Harali said: When He, exalted is He, described their hearts with piety and cleared them from being self-sufficient with anything other than Him, He described their manners in the saying and said; it has ended - ﴿Those who say, Our Lord﴾ meaning: O You who raised us with Your goodness and bestowed upon us with Your favor, and He dropped the tool of calling as an indication of what they have of closeness because they are in the presence of observation; and when their states were in their shortcoming from being able to truly appreciate Allah as He deserves, as if they were the states of one who does not believe, the situation necessitated affirmation, so they said: ﴿Indeed, we﴾ and they affirmed the noon for emphasis in it ﴿have believed﴾ meaning: in what You have called us to, and they expressed this meaning with their saying: ﴿So forgive us our sins﴾ meaning: for indeed we are unable to repel them and lift our aspirations from committing them, even if we strive for what we were created with of weakness and deficiency, as a reminder from Him, glorified and exalted is He, that such a thing does not detract from piety if it is demolished by repentance because he who seeks forgiveness does not persist, and repentance wipes out what came before it. Al-Harali said: And He clarified forgiveness based solely on faith as an indication that actions do not change it. Whoever's faith is based on piety, his sins are forgiven. So the forgiveness of sins for the people of this manner is in contrast to those whom Allah seized for their sins from those who denied. Thus, in the inclusion of mentioning sins in both categories, there is a declaration of the measure of sins upon all. What was of them with denial, He took it into account, and what was of them with piety and faith, He forgave him. It has ended.

And when He, glorified and exalted is He, arranged forgiveness upon piety at the beginning, He arranged for it protection at the end, so He said: ﴿And protect us from the punishment of the Fire﴾ meaning: that which we have deserved due to our evil deeds.

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