Tafsir for verse: 3:145
وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفۡسٍ أَن تَمُوتَ إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ كِتَٰبٗا مُّؤَجَّلٗاۗ وَمَن يُرِدۡ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا وَمَن يُرِدۡ ثَوَابَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَاۚ وَسَنَجۡزِي ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٥ ﴿145
145It is not the choice of a person to die without the will of Allah, death being a time-bound destiny. Whoever seeks a reward in this world, We shall give him out of it, and whoever seeks a reward in the Hereafter, We shall give him out of it. We shall soon reward the grateful.
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Commentary

And when the death of the leader among the supporters of the religion cannot be a reason for fleeing; except if his death occurs without the permission of the owner of the religion; and fleeing is not appropriate except if it can be a reason for salvation; as for if his death can only be by the will of the Lord of the religion; and fleeing cannot be a reason for increasing the lifespan; nor for decreasing it; He indicated this by His saying: ﴿And it is not for a soul﴾; meaning: from the souls; whoever they may be; ﴿to die﴾; meaning: by something from the things; ﴿except by the permission of Allah﴾; meaning: by the knowledge of the Most High King; who has complete encompassing; and His will and enabling Him to take it; "It has been decreed for every soul its lifespan"; ﴿a prescribed term﴾; meaning: a term that does not advance beyond it with certainty; nor does it delay from it by fleeing at all.

And when the meaning is: "So whoever advances, I will thank him; and the advancing does not harm him; and whoever refrains, I will blame him; and the refraining does not benefit him"; and the motivation for advancing is the preference for what is with Allah; and the motivation for refraining is the preference for the world; He turned to that with His saying: ﴿And whoever seeks the reward of this world﴾; meaning: by his action - as the expression of the reward indicates -; and they are those who rush towards the spoils by plundering; and those who flee in disbelief of the blessing of Allah; ﴿We will give him from it﴾; meaning: what he desires; and the conclusion of the verse indicates that the decree here is: and We will cause the disbelievers to perish; but He concealed it; out of kindness to them; ﴿And whoever seeks the reward of the Hereafter﴾; meaning: and they are the steadfast in gratitude for His kindness to them; without being preoccupied by anything from engaging in jihad; and when the intention of the reward does not detract from the sincerity of it; from Allah (exalted is He) upon us; He said: ﴿We will give him﴾; and He pointed out that the action for the sake of Allah is without consideration for a reward or punishment higher; so He said: ﴿from it﴾; meaning: and We will reward him for his gratitude; and this is the meaning of His saying: ﴿And We will reward the grateful﴾; but He made it clear for the purpose of linking the ruling to the description; and He generalized.

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