Commentary
Then he described the righteous by what detailed the obedience commanded before in general. This is in a way that defines the causes of victory. This continues until the end of what he narrated from the stories of the past prophets and those with them from the believers. He began with what is the most difficult of things, especially in that time, from gold and wealth, which is equivalent to the soul. He said: "Those who spend"; meaning: from what Allah has given them. This is an allusion to those who rush towards the spoils. "In ease and hardship"; meaning: in seeking the pleasure of Allah, in times of difficulty and ease. And when he mentioned the most difficult thing to be left and given, he followed it with the most difficult thing to be withheld. He said: "And those who restrain"; meaning: those who hold back "anger" from executing it after they have been filled with it.
And when the one who restrains his anger does not exceed in punishment, he may not pardon. He urged him to pardon by saying: "And those who pardon"; and he generalized in the ruling by saying: "of the people"; meaning: their wrongdoing against them, even if they have killed some of them or harmed them. And when the estimation was: "Indeed, Allah loves them for their good deeds"; he followed it - to elevate the degree of goodness - with his saying: "And Allah"; meaning: the One who has the attributes of perfection; "loves the doers of good"; meaning: He honors them with various honors, in a manner of renewal and continuity.
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