Tafsir for verse: 3:122
إِذۡ هَمَّت طَّآئِفَتَانِ مِنكُمۡ أَن تَفۡشَلَا وَٱللَّهُ وَلِيُّهُمَاۗ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٢٢ ﴿122
122When two of your groups were about to lose heart, while Allah was their guardian! It is in Allah alone that the believers must place their trust.
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Commentary

And when the return of Abdullah ibn Ubayy, the hypocrite, occurred - as will come in the explicit mention at the end of the story - it is one of the evidences that the hypocrites, let alone those who openly declare their hypocrisy, are characterized by what Allah (glorified and exalted is He) informed about them; of enmity and hatred. Although he was a cause for the concern of the two factions of the Ansar due to their failure, the emphasis on this story is to prohibit taking as allies those of evil counsel, who do not cease from corruption in the utmost appropriateness. Therefore, He (glorified and exalted is He) began it with His saying - substituting from: "When you set out"; as evidence for what preceded it; that the evil counsel does not spare them from mischief; and other than that -: "When two factions intended"; and they were the wings of the army; "from you"; meaning: the Banu Salamah, from the Khazraj; and the Banu Harithah, from the Aws; "to fail"; meaning: to become lazy, to hesitate, to weaken, and to become cowardly; due to the return of the hypocrites from their support and allegiance to them; so they would return as the hypocrites returned; "And Allah"; meaning: "while the Lord of Glory and Honor; "is their ally"; and their supporter; because they are believers; so the occurrence of failure from them is not possible for that reason; so let them rely solely upon Him; due to their faith"; or the meaning could be: "So the wonder is from them; how do they depend on others - glorified and exalted is He -; to weaken by their forsaking?"; while the fact is that He is upon Allah; meaning: the One who has all perfection alone; "So let the believers rely"; meaning: those for whom faith has become a fixed attribute; all of them; to support them; not based on the multitude of numbers; nor the strength of endurance; and the best interpretation of the verse is in the context of the interconnection; and the original structure of it is: "And Allah is their ally; due to their reliance and their faith; so failure is not possible from them; so turn to Allah; and rely upon Him; to protect you from weakness; and upon Allah let all the believers rely; to do that with them"; so the command to rely a second time indicates its existence first; and the affirmation of the alliance first indicates the command for it second; and in Al-Bukhari, in the interpretation; from Jabir - may Allah be pleased with him - he said: "It was revealed about us: "When two factions from you intended to fail"; he said: "We are the two factions: the Banu Harithah and the Banu Salamah; and we do not love that it had not been revealed; for the saying of Allah - Mighty and Majestic -: "And Allah is their ally."

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