Tafsir for verse: 3:117
مَثَلُ مَا يُنفِقُونَ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا كَمَثَلِ رِيحٖ فِيهَا صِرٌّ أَصَابَتۡ حَرۡثَ قَوۡمٖ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ فَأَهۡلَكَتۡهُۚ وَمَا ظَلَمَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١١٧ ﴿117
117The example of what they spend in this worldly life is just like a wind that, having chill within, struck the tillage of those who wronged themselves, and destroyed it. Allah has not wronged them; rather, they did wrong to themselves.
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Commentary

And when it was said: "What is the state of what they expend in good deeds; and what they support with in burdens?"; He struck for that a parable; He made it like scattered dust; lost; - even if it is abundant - wasted; as if it had not been anything mentioned; by His saying - glorified and exalted is He - in response to this question: ﴿The example of what they spend﴾; meaning: of wealth; and He belittled their intention by belittling its place; so He said: ﴿In this worldly life﴾; meaning: in the form of seeking closeness; or otherwise; because they wasted the face by which it is accepted; which is sincerity; and the example of their spending it is like a crop that was struck by the wind; ﴿Like a wind in it is severe cold﴾; meaning: a severe cold; ﴿It struck the crop of a people﴾; described as (p-36) ﴿They wronged themselves﴾; meaning: by building on a foundation other than faith; ﴿So it destroyed it﴾; so the example of what they spend - in that it did not benefit them in this world by producing what they wanted in this world; and it harmed them in both abodes; as for in this world, it is by its loss in nothing; and as for in the Hereafter, it is by being punished for it due to the loss of its foundation - and their corrupt intention with it; like the described crop; for it did not benefit its people who are described; rather it harmed them in this world by its loss; and in the Hereafter by what they intended with it of the corrupt intended; and the example of their spending it - in that it harmed them; and did not benefit them - is like the wind; in that it harmed the crop; and did not benefit it; so when the described wind was a clearly observed matter; it was made in its destruction a parable for the loss of their spending which is a hidden moral matter; and when the burned crop was a tangible matter; it was made in what happened to it after the toil from damage; an example for a rational matter; which is their wealth; in that their spending it did not yield for them anything other than loss; and toil; so the two examples; the loss of the crop; and the spending; and the loss of the crop is more apparent; so it is an example for the loss of spending; because it is hidden; and it has become clear that the verse is from the interweaving: the example of spending was first omitted for the indication of the wind upon it; and secondly the crop; for the indication of what is spent upon it.

And when Allah, glorified and exalted is He, was described as the Judge; the Just; the One who upholds justice; and that He does not forget any good that has been done; He said - to dispel the misconception that this is a deficiency -: "And Allah did not do them injustice"; meaning: those represented by them; and the representation for them; "Allah"; the Greatest King, the Rich, the Absolute Richness; because He is the Absolute Owner; and they have disbelieved; as for the representation for them, it is because they spent on other than the way that He has prescribed; and as for the representation by them, it is because they did not guard their crops with acts of obedience; and in the verse is evidence that the people of obedience guard their possessions from calamities; and they break through the norms in it; then He said: "But"; and when the representation was for them; those who disbelieved; it was more general than them dying upon it; or converting to Islam; He did not express in injustice what is necessitated by nature from the actions of existence; and He said: "themselves"; meaning: specifically; "they do injustice"; thus it indicates that they are the ones who have wronged themselves by neglecting the foundation with their disbelief; and that their injustice is confined to themselves; it does not extend to others; and even if their spending appeared to be a harm to their enemy; the consequence, since it was for the believers, their harm was like nonexistence; rather, it is an increase in their burden; thus it is from their injustice to themselves.

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