Commentary
And when the cause necessitating the continuation of disbelief from the arguing Christians regarding the matter of Jesus, blessings and peace be upon him, was the fear of those above them from the kings of Christianity, He, glorified and exalted is He, alerted them to the first story of their ancestors from the Children of Israel, and what they were in of humiliation with the family of Pharaoh, and what Pharaoh had in of greatness that subdued the kings of their time. Then when Allah, glorified and exalted is He, intended to humiliate their ancestors, their humiliation and their fewness did not harm them, nor did his honor and the multitude of his people benefit him. Therefore, He, glorified and exalted is He, made it clear about them and omitted the mention of those before them, and said: "Like the habit of" meaning it did not avail them anything, like the habit of "the family of Pharaoh" meaning those who were known to you for their arrogance, greatness, and pride. Al-Harali said: (p-259) The habit is the constant practice that is adhered to. The family of a man is when he is confined, they appear in him as if he has not been absent; and Pharaoh is the name of the king of Egypt in disbelief, and Egypt is a land that encompasses all of it, its region is at the level of the whole earth, so it has a certain encompassing. Therefore, its status was elevated in the Qur'an and the status of the high among it from the Pharaohs. And the Messenger sent to him was the first of the believers in what is beyond the first creation from the initial appearances of the truth to hear His words without the intermediary of an angel. So he was the first to fold in the rank of his prophethood the rank of prophethood with an intermediary. Therefore, he was begun with in this discourse due to the high rank of his prophethood as he is the one who speaks with Allah and is chosen above the people. And those who preceded him were included in what occurred in his prophethood from the intermediary of a spouse or a king, and his family was specified because he was knowledgeable of the matter of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, and he was a denier, not a disbeliever.
And those who, when the deniers were merely some of the predecessors, the preposition was introduced, and it was said: "before them." And I have conveyed to you their news, their strength, and their support. It is as if it was said: What was their custom? It was said: "They denied." And when denial necessitates punishment, the manifestation of greatness is more appropriate. So the saying was directed to it, and it was said: "By Our signs," the textual and the visual, along with what has of greatness by its addition to Us. "So He seized them." And when they were excessive in denial, He turned to a greater manifestation of greatness, as a warning for their punishment, and it was said: "Allah." So He manifested the noble name, indicating the overwhelming greatness. "By their sins," meaning from denial and others. Al-Harali said: It indicates that the clear accountability is contingent upon sins, and that worldly accountability does not reach the level of retribution for denial. So what appeared of worldly matters occurs as punishment for what appeared of actions, and what is hidden of the matters of the Hereafter fulfills the punishment for what the hearts insisted upon from denial. Therefore, the punishment of this world is a purification for the believer for the purity of his inner self from denial, and what occurs in the world is a balance for what happened to his outward from opposition. It is as if the sin from the believer occurs in his world specifically, while the sin from the disbeliever occurs in his world and his Hereafter due to his engulfment of his outward and inward. And He manifested the noble name and did not conceal it to indicate the increase of greatness in their punishment for their further transgressions. And it was said: "And Allah," meaning the situation is that the King who has no equal in His might nor anything from His attributes is "Severe in punishment," nothing can overpower Him.
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