Commentary
And when oppression is the placing of something in a place other than its proper one, and placing something in a position that cannot accept it [is the greatest of oppressions], their action of this, which is the lowering of what knows nothing and cannot [do anything in the status of one who knows everything and can do everything], is the greatest of oppressions. So the estimation is: Who is more oppressive than them in that? He then added to his saying: ﴿And who is more oppressive﴾, meaning: more unjust in placing things in their wrong places, because he has no light; rather, he is in the darkness of ignorance, stumbling about ﴿from among those who have fabricated﴾, meaning: deliberately ﴿against Allah a lie﴾, meaning: any lie that was from polytheism and others, as they used to say when they committed a shameful act: We found our forefathers upon it, and Allah commanded us with it ﴿or denied the truth﴾ from this miraculous and clear Qur'an, upon the tongue of this trustworthy messenger who has never reported a report except that it matched reality. ﴿When﴾, meaning: when ﴿it came to him﴾ without delay until he could look and reflect on what had come to him of the severe and dangerous matter.
And when the estimation is: No one is more oppressive than him; rather, he is the most oppressive of the oppressors, he is a disbeliever and his abode is Hell. And it is known that they say out of stubbornness: The matter is not as such. He said, denying them, and because their action is the action of the denier, and a confirmation for them, because the hamzah of denial, when it enters upon negation, is for confirmation, counting it as if there is no dispute in it at all: ﴿Is there not in Hell a dwelling﴾, meaning: a place and a location of residence and confinement for him, and he has committed this great disbelief - this was the original - but for the purpose of generalization and linking the action to the description, he said: ﴿for the disbelievers﴾, meaning: those who cover the lights of the clear truth, or is he not among the disbelievers? Meaning: that both premises are correct, with no denial in them, and their denial cannot be organized except by corrupting one of them. As for his disbelief in the Benefactor after saving him from destruction, where he worshipped others, it is not permissible for a rational person to deny it. And as for the fact that Hell can contain him after informing the Able of it, it is not permissible for one who acknowledges the ability to deny it. So the two premises are beyond reproach among them, and they resulted in that his abode is Hell. [And the analogy is thus: a worshipper of one other than the one who saved him is a disbeliever, and every disbeliever's abode is Hell, so a worshipper of one other than the one who saved him has his abode in Hell.]
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