Commentary
And when he concluded this verse with what made clear that they do not know, and the one before it with that most of them do not understand, he caused by that his saying: ﴿So when﴾ meaning: it resulted from their lack of understanding which necessitates their lack of knowledge that when they ﴿embark﴾ meaning: the sea ﴿in the ships﴾ meaning: the vessels ﴿they call upon Allah﴾ meaning: the Sovereign, the Most High, who encompasses all things when a calamity befalls them from which they fear destruction ﴿sincerely﴾ in monotheism ﴿for Him is the religion﴾ by turning away from their partners with heart and tongue, for they are certain that there is no savior at that time of hardships other than Him ﴿So when He saved them﴾ meaning: Allah, glorified and exalted is He, bringing them ﴿to the land when they﴾ meaning: at the time of reaching the land ﴿they associate partners﴾ so it was confirmed that they do not know, because they do not understand, as they acknowledge the inability of their deities and associate them with Him. In that is the greatest mockery of them; Al-Baghawi said: Al-Ikrimah said: They would carry the idols with them when they embarked on the sea, and when the wind became fierce against them, they would throw them into the sea and say, 'O Lord! O Lord.' And Al-Razi said in Al-Lawa'ih: And this is evidence that the knowledge of the Lord is innate in every human being, and that if they are heedless in times of ease, there is no doubt that they will turn to Him in times of hardship - it has ended. It is known that being preoccupied with the world is what prevents one from all good, and that detachment from it is a support for the original upright nature, and for this reason we find the poor closer to all good.
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