Commentary
And when this disbeliever had nothing in him except regret for the fact that he ﷺ had not received specific permission regarding his killing, and he had informed about it with regret, the souls of the discerning longed for seeking forgiveness for him. They knew that the custom of the prophets and the people of high ranks is to regard mistakes with great seriousness. They were responded to by being informed about his initiative in this matter by saying: ﴿He said﴾ and he omitted the call to address, in accordance with the custom of the chosen ones. He said: ﴿My Lord﴾ meaning: O You who has done good to me.
And when the state of the one who is about to do something indicates his intention and his approval of it, he confirmed his words to inform that his inner self was contrary to what his outer self indicated, so he said: ﴿Indeed, I have wronged myself﴾ meaning: by my proceeding to what had not been preceded for me in it [permission] specifically, even if it was permissible.
And when the close one may consider the good deed of another as his bad deed, he said, explaining this: ﴿So forgive﴾ meaning: erase this very mistake and its effect ﴿for me﴾ meaning: for my sake, do not hold me accountable. ﴿So He forgave﴾ meaning: He enacted the erasure for that as he asked, out of honor ﴿for him﴾. Then he explained that (p-258) by saying, indicating that the attribute of another is non-existence in relation to his attribute, confirming this: ﴿Indeed, He is﴾ meaning: solely ﴿the Most Forgiving﴾ meaning: the one who is profound in the attribute of covering for everyone who desires ﴿the Most Merciful﴾ meaning: the one with great mercy by granting success to actions that are pleasing to the divine status. And because this is His attribute, He returned him to Pharaoh and his people when He sent him to them, and they were not able to hold him accountable for that by retribution or otherwise after He saved him from them before the mission without comparison.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Al-Qasas verse 16