Tafsir for verse: 28:14
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤ ﴿14
14And when he reached his maturity and became perfect, We gave him wisdom and knowledge. This is how We reward those who are good in their deeds.
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Commentary

And when the situation settled on this pattern, it was known that there is nothing after it except goodness and acceptance, and honor by adopting it from Pharaoh and majesty. He left what was between him and the suitable age for sending. He said, informing about what comes after that from the states: ﴿And when he reached maturity﴾, meaning: the gathering of his powers and his perfections. ﴿And he was established﴾, meaning: he became balanced in age and his strength was completed by the end of youth, which is from the age of twenty-one years to forty-two. Thus, because of this, he was completed in the good qualities that we had instilled in him. Al-Razi said: Al-Junaid said: When his intellect was perfected, his insight was sound, and his disposition was good, the time for his address had come to an end.

That is: he reached the limit beyond which no human can increase in instincts that were not present in him during his youth. Rather, after that, there remains only stagnation and then decline. ﴿We gave him﴾, meaning: a break from the norm, like his brothers among the prophets, the beginning of the instincts that We granted him without any acquisition at all. ﴿A judgment﴾, meaning: a well-established action based on knowledge. ﴿And knowledge﴾, meaning: (p-254) supported by wisdom, preparing him for his prophethood and a prelude to his message. We rewarded him for that based on the good qualities we had instilled in him, as a favor from Us and a grace. Allah, glorified and exalted is He, chose this age for sending so that it would be - as indicated - among the extraordinary events, because it would be the beginning of the decline that Allah, the Exalted, said about: ﴿And whoever We grant long life﴾ [Yasin: 68] - meaning: until the completion of the age of youth - ﴿We reverse him in creation﴾ [Yasin: 68], meaning: We stop him, so nothing is added thereafter to his apparent or hidden powers, nor is there any instinct found in him that was not originally present for ten years. Then he begins to decline - this is Allah's custom with all the children of Adam, except the prophets, for they, at the limit of stagnation, are granted from the seas of knowledge what description cannot encompass without acquisition. Rather, it is an instinct that Allah instills in them at that time, and they are also granted physical strength in proportion to that. Thus, at the time of decline of others, their growth occurs, as well as those whom Allah has joined with them from their righteous followers. And it will come, if Allah, the Exalted, wills, in Surah Yasin, the completion of this meaning that Allah opens for those who contemplate it doors of knowledge. For this reason, Allah, the Exalted, said, adding to what you determine: We did that for him and his mother as a reward for their kindness in their sincerity in what they did, relying solely on Allah without the slightest attention to anything else: ﴿And likewise﴾, meaning: and like this great reward (p-255) ﴿We reward the doers of good﴾, meaning: all of them.

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