Commentary
And he indicated to the swiftness of her coming by expressing her submission with the conjunction 'fa' in his saying: ﴿So when she came﴾. It is said that her coming was from twelve thousand troops from the regions of Yemen, under each troop were many thousands. She had placed her throne inside a fortified house and appointed strong guards for it. It was said that she, having seen her throne after its transformation by changing its position and altering it, was unable to remain silent about her response due to the awe she felt from the greatness of what she saw. So she reproached him with a word that encompasses four words: the 'ha' of indication, the 'kaf' of comparison, and the name of the indication, beginning with the interrogative hamzah, meaning: 'Be alert, ﴿Is it like this﴾? Is this similar to your throne?' She said, 'It is just like it,' indicating that she was overwhelmed with the thought that it was indeed the same, as they said in 'Like Zayd is standing': ﴿Like he is﴾. This indicates great stability, sharp thinking, firm observation, and a submissive nature, allowing for the possibility of miracles and submission to them amidst the astonishment of the arrival, and the preoccupation of thought with the awe that had struck her from his greatness. So Solomon, peace be upon him, knew her intelligence and the falseness of what the devils said about her being deficient out of fear that he would marry her and she would reveal to him the secrets of the jinn, as her mother was said to be a jinn. They also said that her leg was like the hoof of a donkey and that she had a lot of hair.
And although she was thus confused and had not reached the essence of revelation, while she was overwhelmed by her throne and maintaining it, he, blessings and peace be upon him, recalled what Allah had specifically granted him of knowledge, increasing his encouragement for gratitude. He said, adding to what he had estimated: 'She was given knowledge of her throne's matter, but there was doubt in it.' This indicated that she was generally among the people of knowledge prepared for guidance, or the estimation could be based on what her saying 'like he is' indicated: she was ignorant of her throne's matter due to her frequent association with it: ﴿And we were given﴾, expressing with the singular pronoun of the obedient, especially since the one given is a cause for a great religious significance, which is the knowledge that only Allah can grant. Therefore, the action was built for the object because its doer is known: ﴿The knowledge﴾, meaning: of all that Allah has granted us knowledge of, among which is that it was hidden from her ﴿before her﴾, meaning: before her coming, that her throne resembled her, or from before her knowledge of what she thought about her throne, or that I and my ancestors were before her existence, for we are deeply rooted in knowledge. Therefore, we are upon the truth of all our matters. And he only said: ﴿Let us see if she is guided﴾ [An-Naml: 41] in relation to his troops.
Then he mentioned the reason for the existence of knowledge, its expansion, and its stability. He said: "And we were" meaning: with the knowledge that Allah has prepared for it by what He has placed in our instincts of luminosity. "Muslims" meaning: submissive to Allah, the Most High, two roots in that, turning towards all of His commands by acting according to His order, as indicated by His saying: "And fear Allah, and Allah will teach you" [Al-Baqarah: 282] "Their Lord guides them by their faith" [Yunus: 9].
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