And when glorified and exalted is He, He has negated faith from them by turning away from the rulings. He followed it with what you have seen to be organized in the best manner, until He concluded with what implied that whoever is blind to His rulings after this clarification is devoid of reason. He repeated in this surah the mention of the clarification, a repetition that indicated the brilliance of meanings with the strongest articulation until they became identifiable for observation. He clarified who possesses the description of faith, with good permission seeking. The matter of the Messenger, blessings and peace be upon him, is the most exalted place where one must remain and abandon all other homelands. Thus, the earth, despite its vastness, becomes narrow for him, and it is prohibited to tread upon it because of him, like the house of another that is not permissible to enter without permission. He stated this by defining it in a manner of restriction, countering the negation of 'And those are not the believers' [An-Nur: 47], clarifying the great sin in departing from the gathering of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, which necessitates gathering without permission: 'Indeed, the believers' meaning the complete ones who have success, 'those who have believed in Allah' meaning the Most High King, 'and His Messenger' outwardly and inwardly.

And when the speech was about the steadfast, the place was for the tool of affirmation, so He said: 'And when' meaning they confirmed their faith by saying that when they 'were with him' meaning the Messenger, blessings and peace be upon him, 'on a matter that is comprehensive' meaning for them regarding Allah, such as striving against the enemies of Allah, and consulting on important matters, and the Friday prayer, and similar to that, 'they did not depart' from that matter even a step to a place on the earth, even if it were their homes, for some of the things, even if it were the most important of their important matters. This is because He took a covenant from them to obey in hardship and ease, and in willingness and reluctance, 'until they seek his permission' and he permits them, for the commanded matter has become their home and refuge and their dwelling place. Everything else from the places and matters is for him, blessings and peace be upon him, below them; they have no share in it. It is not permissible for them to enter it, physically or meaningfully, except with his permission. This is from the great admonition regarding the lofty nature of his matter and his noble status. This is because glorified and exalted is He, as He commanded them to seek permission when entering upon him and upon others, He singled him out with their command to seek his permission when departing from him, blessings and peace be upon him. He made the rank of that subsequent to the rank of faith in Allah and the Messenger, and made them as the cause for it, beginning the sentence with the tool of restriction, and placing the believers in an introductory statement informing about him with a connection that encompassed his connection with the three ranks, explaining it.

And when he negated from the believers the going to the utmost of seeking permission, he made it clear that the one seeking permission is a believer. He stated this concept to emphasize it. He said, stressing the importance of maintaining etiquette in front of him, blessings and peace be upon him, and to affirm the preservation of his sanctity and the proper conduct with him so that his thoughts do not become confused in another manner. He clarified that seeking permission is a manifestation of faith: ﴿Indeed, those who seek your permission﴾ meaning they request your permission when they want to depart, in some of their matters which it is possible you may prevent them from. ﴿Those﴾ are of high rank, especially ﴿those who believe﴾ meaning they establish faith at all times ﴿in Allah﴾ who has all authority, and there is none comparable to Him ﴿and His Messenger﴾ and that organizes the various qualities of faith.

And when he restricted them to seeking permission, this caused him, blessings and peace be upon him, to inform them of what he would do at that time, and he said: ﴿So if they seek your permission﴾ meaning these whose claims are valid; and he emphasized to them the importance of honoring etiquette with him, blessings and peace be upon him, by saying: ﴿for some of their affairs﴾ which is what they have a pressing need for. ﴿Then grant permission to whom you wish of them﴾ It is said: "The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, when he ascended the pulpit on Friday, whoever wanted to leave for a valid excuse would stand in front of him, and he would know that he is seeking permission, and he would grant permission to whomever he wished." Mujahid said: The permission of the imam on Friday is to gesture with his hand, and it is said: Likewise, the people should be with their imams and leaders in religion and knowledge, not abandoning them in any calamity that befalls.

And when he established for him through this delegation of honor what cannot be described, he made them understand that the state of the one seeking permission is limited compared to the state of the one who is delegating, regardless of how it may be. He said: ﴿And seek forgiveness for them from Allah﴾ meaning the One who has absolute wealth, so obedience does not benefit Him, nor does disobedience harm Him, or the speech may be inclusive of those whose claims are valid and others; then he justified that as an encouragement for seeking forgiveness and to soothe the hearts of the people of burdens, by saying: ﴿Indeed, Allah﴾ meaning the One who has the attributes of perfection ﴿is Forgiving﴾ meaning He has this description, so He is deserving of forgiving them for what they have fallen short in ﴿and Merciful﴾ meaning all that He has commanded them with is good for them, even if it may seem to them otherwise.