Commentary
And when he informed of that, his kingdom and his ability to resurrect became established according to what he promised after his ownership was liberated. This was indicated by his actions in the upper and lower worlds, which demonstrate the ability to bring back to life. He said: ﴿Did you not see that Allah﴾, meaning the Majestic and Beautiful ﴿drives﴾, meaning He drives with the winds. The discussion about this will come in the chapter of the Ant. Abu Hayyan said: Indeed, driving is used in the gentle driving of heavy things.
﴿Clouds﴾, meaning after He created it from nothing, sometimes from below and sometimes from above, weak, thin, and scattered. Abu Hayyan said: It is a generic term, and its singular is (p-292) cloud. The meaning is: He drives a cloud to another cloud. This is the meaning of ﴿Then He brings them together﴾, meaning between its parts after they were pieces in different directions. ﴿Then He makes it a mass﴾, in the utmost greatness, piled up one upon another after it was in the utmost thinness. ﴿So you see﴾, meaning in that continuous state, ﴿the rain﴾, meaning the water. Al-Qazzaz said: It is said to be the gathering of rain.
﴿It comes forth from its folds﴾, meaning the openings that were formed by the piling and intertwining of some with others. ﴿And He sends down from the sky﴾, meaning from its direction, beginning from ﴿from mountains in it﴾, meaning in the sky, which is the cloud that became like mountains after its piling; and some said: ﴿from hail﴾, which is condensed water. He clarified that this is by His will and choice with His saying: ﴿So He strikes with it﴾, meaning the hail and the rain, upon the face of punishment or mercy ﴿whomever He wills﴾ from among people and others ﴿and turns it away from whomever He wills﴾, turning it away from him. Then He pointed out what is astonishing in that, regarding the water from which fire may descend, causing a lightning strike that burns what fire does not burn. He said: ﴿The brightness﴾, meaning the light of ﴿His lightning﴾, which is the disturbance of light within it, ﴿almost goes﴾, meaning it, becoming entangled ﴿with the eyes﴾ due to the intensity of its brightness and glittering. Thus, the power of lightning serves as evidence of the density of the clouds and a herald (p-293) of the strength of the rain, and a warning of the descent of lightning.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah An-Nur verse 43