And when He, glorified and exalted is He, clarified by this example that they have not reached anything other than toil, which results in loss, and this is something that no rational person would do by himself, He struck another example between the one who carries them to fall into the likeness of the first, which is walking without guidance, leading to confusion like one walking in the dark. He said, adding to His saying ﴿كَسَرَابٍ﴾ [An-Nur: 39]: ﴿أوْ﴾ for choice, meaning their deeds, due to having no benefit, are like mirages, and due to being devoid of the light of truth ﴿كَظُلُمَاتٍ﴾ or for variation, for if they are good in appearance, they are like a mirage, or if they are ugly, they are like darkness, or for division considering two times, like the darkness in this world and the mirage in the Hereafter. ﴿فِي بَحْرٍ﴾ is an example of the heart of the disbeliever ﴿لُجِّيٍّ﴾ meaning of depth, referring to the fact that it is deep with no discernible bottom, for the luj is most of the water, and it can also be pluralized as لُجَجٌ. The most appropriate here is that it is attributed to the plural, as it is more terrifying, and the context is for intimidation. Al-Qazzaz said in his diwan: 'And the luj of the sea is known, and it is the place from which no land or mountain can be seen.' A vast luj sea: wide in luj, and the plural of luj is لُجَجٌ and لَجٌّ.

﴿يَغْشاهُ﴾ means it covers this sea and rises above it, or it follows the being within it. ﴿مَوْجٌ﴾ is like what covers his heart from ignorance, doubt, and confusion, being ﴿مِن فَوْقِهِ﴾ meaning this wave ﴿مَوْجٌ﴾ another ﴿مِن فَوْقِهِ﴾ meaning this second wave piled upon the first ﴿سَحابٌ﴾ that has covered the stars, and it is an example of the seal and stamp upon the heart, so that no sky is seen nor land.

And when this is a terrifying matter, He indicated its terror and depiction by saying: ﴿ظُلُمَاتٌ﴾ meaning from the sea, the two waves, and the cloud ﴿بَعْضُها﴾ and since the intended meaning is the totality of the direction, He did not affirm the preposition, saying: ﴿فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ﴾ piled up, therefore it is very far that vision can penetrate it, and for this reason He said: ﴿إذا أخْرَجَ﴾ meaning the being in this sea by indication of the meaning even if it is not mentioned ﴿يَدَهُ﴾ which is the closest thing to him ﴿لَمْ يَكَدْ﴾ meaning the being in it ﴿يَراها﴾ meaning he approaches that, let alone that it is, for Allah has concealed from him all light with these thick darknesses, and it is an example of his deed and that it is a non-existence of what has preceded that all non-existence is darkness, so he has no deed that can be something nor can it approach that, for he has no capacity in any way. ﴿ومَن لَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ﴾ meaning the greatest King ﴿لَهُ نُورًا﴾ from the lights, which is the power of existence and manifestation ﴿فَمَا لَهُ مِن نُورٍ﴾ at all, for He, glorified and exalted is He, conceals His light even if it fills the heavens and the earth from whom He wills by the veils of the heavens, for He is capable of what He wills.