Tafsir for verse: 24:37
رِجَالٞ لَّا تُلۡهِيهِمۡ تِجَٰرَةٞ وَلَا بَيۡعٌ عَن ذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِ وَإِقَامِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَإِيتَآءِ ٱلزَّكَوٰةِ يَخَافُونَ يَوۡمٗا تَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهِ ٱلۡقُلُوبُ وَٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرُ ٣٧ ﴿37
37by the men whom no trade or sale makes neglectful of the remembrance of Allah, nor from establishing Salāh and paying Zakāh ; they are fearful of a day in which the hearts and the eyes will be over-turned.
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Commentary

﴿Men﴾ that is, men ﴿are not distracted by trade﴾ that is, by buying or selling or other than them, which appears to them in it as profit.

And since a person may be compelled to go out with selling some of what he owns for sustenance by its price or to reach some important matters that he cannot reach except by it, or to acquire what he does not own likewise, while trade is also the general request because it is the place of achieving profit that one cannot be patient without, He said: ﴿And no selling﴾ that is, even if it is not in the manner of trade, and selling is applied by sharing in the acquisition which is buying and in the removal ﴿from the remembrance of Allah﴾ that is, to Him belongs glory and honor absolutely, by prayer and otherwise. They are (p-279) at all times in witnessing and observing the One whom they have come to know by the attributes of perfection and that does not distract them from “establishing prayer” which is the purity of souls. He repeated it after mentioning it with glorification explicitly to affirm it and encourage the preservation of its time because it is among the components of it, as well as all of its limits, even with the briefest of what may be from the least perfection - by what is indicated by the omission of the 'taa' suggesting that this praise does not stop at the highest perfection nor from “giving zakah” which is the purity of bodies and their growth. He specified men while the presence of women in mosques is a well-known Sunnah, indicating that their prayer in their homes is better for what Abu Dawood narrated in his Sunan and Ibn Khuzaymah in his Sahih from Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, who said: "The prayer of a woman in her house is better than her prayer in her room, and her prayer in her private chamber is better than her prayer in her house." And the private chamber is the closet. And for Imam Ahmad, Al-Tabarani, Ibn Khuzaymah, and Al-Hakim from Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, that the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: "The best mosques of women are the innermost parts of their houses." And for Ahmad, Ibn Khuzaymah, and Ibn Hibban in their Sahihs, "From Umm Hamidah, the wife of Abu Hamid Al-Sa'idi (p-280), may Allah be pleased with them, who said: O Messenger of Allah! I love to pray with you, he said: 'I know that you love to pray with me, and your prayer in your house is better than your prayer in your room, and your prayer in your room is better than your prayer in your house, and your prayer in your house is better than your prayer in the mosque of your people, and your prayer in the mosque of your people is better than your prayer in my mosque.' He then commanded that a mosque be built for her at the farthest and darkest part of her house, so she would pray in it until she met Allah, the Exalted and Majestic.

And when he described the mentioned men with what he described them, he mentioned the reason for their action for the sake of increasing their praise, and he said: ﴿They fear a Day﴾ and it is the Day of Resurrection, which is such that ﴿hearts and eyes will tremble in it﴾, meaning due to the intensity of its horror, a visible trembling - as indicated by the affirmation of the two letters ﴿hearts and eyes﴾, meaning between hope for salvation and fear of destruction. It can be said: the mosques - and Allah knows best - are the men, and the glass is the hearts, and the lamps are the hearts, and their shining is what they encompass of meanings that lead to remembrance. The described tree is an example of the bodies, which Allah has purified from impurities and shaped them to be upright, and the oil is an example of what He, glorified and exalted is He, has placed in them of beautiful secrets. It has been reported in some narrations that the mosques for the people of the heavens are like the stars for the people of the earth. In the Musnad of Al-Tabarani in the middle, from Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with both of them: 'Like a niche,' he said: the cavity of Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, and the glass is his heart, and the lamp is the light that is in his heart, and the tree is Abraham, peace be upon him, ﴿neither from the east nor from the west﴾ [An-Nur: 35], meaning neither Jewish nor Christian.

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