Commentary
And when those mentioned all rejected whoever came to them, indicating their disbelief that the messengers could be human, and the Children of Israel, whom Allah honored and supported against their enemy, and clarified the path for them through the Book, took Jesus - despite him being human - as a god. Following this, his mention was made in astonishment at the state of the disbelievers in this ascent after that descent regarding the matter of those who were sent to them. And the signs occurred at their hands for their guidance. He said: "And We made" meaning by Our greatness, "the son of Mary" attributing him to her to affirm that he has no father, and that he is a human carried in the womb and born, not suitable for the rank of divinity. He further emphasized this reality by saying: "and his mother" and said: "a sign" indicating the appearance of miracles at their hands until it seemed that they themselves were the sign. Nothing was seen from them except that it was a sign. If he had said: two signs, it might have been thought that the reality of this number was intended. And perhaps in that is an indication that the sign of the ability to create man was completed by him in every regard without mention of male or female, like Adam, peace be upon him, and from a male without a female like Hawwa, peace be upon her, and from a female without a male like Jesus, peace be upon him, and from the two spouses like the rest of mankind. The intended meaning is that the Children of Israel - with the Book which is a heard sign and the Prophet who is a seen sign - most of them did not find guidance.
And when the people of exaggeration regarding Jesus and his mother, blessings and peace be upon them, might have clung to this phrase for something, it affirmed their humanity and their need, which contradicts the rank of divinity. He said: "And We sheltered them" meaning by Our greatness when the kings of the Levant sought to destroy them "to a high place" meaning a high place on the earth, and the best vegetation is in elevated places. It appears that what is meant by it is Ayn Shams in the land of Egypt. Ibn Kathir said: Abdul Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam said: The high ground is only in Egypt, and when water is sent, the high ground has the villages upon it. If it were not for the high ground, the villages would have drowned. And it was narrated from Wahb ibn Munabbih in a similar manner - ended.
"With a settled place" meaning an expanse suitable for them to settle in due to what is in it of facilities, "and a spring" meaning visible water for drinking, and useful like a utensil. It is a branch derived from two origins. And those who opposed him from the kings and others could not, despite their numbers and strength, kill him either in his childhood or in his old age, as has been transmitted from the Gospel and confirmed by the Qur'an, despite him being a subject of utmost weakness due to being from a female only and having no supporter except Allah. Yet, Allah succeeded his affair and the affair of those who followed him, and disappointed the disbelievers by him, and raised him to Himself to support this religion in the end of times, and it would be for the believers at that time a success unlike any that preceded it. And this was from the grace of his Creator and His blessing upon him.
Mention of something from the signs of his being a sign from the Gospel:
John said, one of the translators of the Gospel, and most of the context is for Matthew. When the Feast of Tabernacles drew near, the brothers of Jesus, that is, the twelve disciples, said to Him: "Depart from here to Judea so that Your disciples may see the works that are done. For no one does anything in secret, and if you do these things, show yourself to the world." Jesus said to them: "My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. The world cannot hate you, but it hates Me because I testify of it that its works are evil. You go up to this feast; I am not going up now, for My time has not yet fully come." Then He said: And when the days of the feast were half over, Jesus went up to the temple and began to teach. The Jews were amazed and said: "How does this man know letters, having never studied?" Jesus answered them and said: "My teaching is not Mine, but His who sent Me. If anyone wants to do His will, he shall know concerning the doctrine, whether it is from God or whether I speak on My own authority. He who speaks from himself seeks his own glory; but he who seeks the glory of the One who sent him is true, and no unrighteousness is in him. Is not Moses given you the law? Yet none of you keeps the law. Why do you seek to kill Me?" The people answered and said: "You have a demon. Who is seeking to kill you?" Jesus answered and said to them: "I did one work, and you all marvel. Moses therefore gave you circumcision (not that it is from Moses, but from the fathers), and you circumcise a man on the Sabbath. If a man receives circumcision on the Sabbath, so that the law of Moses should not be broken, are you angry with Me because I made a man completely well on the Sabbath? Do not judge according to appearance, but judge with righteous judgment." Now some of them from Jerusalem said: "Is this not He whom they seek to kill? But look, He speaks boldly, and they say nothing to Him. Do the rulers know indeed that this is truly the Christ? However, we know where this man is from; but when the Christ comes, no one knows where He is from." Then Jesus cried out, as He taught in the temple, saying: "You both know Me, and you know where I am from; and I have not come of Myself, but He who sent Me is true, whom you do not know. But I know Him, for I am from Him, and He sent Me." Therefore they sought to take Him; but no one laid a hand on Him, because His hour had not yet come. And many of the people believed in Him and said: "When the Christ comes, will He do more signs than these which this man has done?" The Pharisees heard the crowd murmuring these things concerning Him, and the Pharisees and the chief priests sent officers to take Him. Then Jesus said to them: "I shall be with you a little while longer, and then I go to Him who sent Me. You will seek Me and not find Me, and where I am you cannot come." Then the Jews said among themselves: "Where does He intend to go that we shall not find Him? Does He intend to go to the Dispersion among the Greeks and teach the Greeks?" What is this saying that He said: "You will seek Me and not find Me, and where I am you cannot come?" On the last day, that great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried out, saying: "If anyone thirsts, let him come to Me and drink. He who believes in Me, as the Scripture has said, out of his heart will flow rivers of living water." But this He spoke concerning the Spirit, whom those believing in Him would receive; for the Holy Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus was not yet glorified. Therefore many from the crowd, when they heard this saying, said: "Truly this is the Prophet." Others said: "This is the Christ." But some said: "Will the Christ come out of Galilee? Has not the Scripture said that the Christ comes from the seed of David and from the town of Bethlehem, where David was?" So there was a division among the people because of Him. Now some of them wanted to take Him, but no one laid hands on Him. Then the officers came to the chief priests and Pharisees, who said to them: "Why have you not brought Him?" The officers answered: \
Indeed, the offering is something by which one benefits. So, it does not honor his father and mother. Thus, you have invalidated the words of Allah from your narration; Murqus said: And you do many things like this - it has ended. O hypocrites, good in praise. And Murqus said: Yes, good in praise upon you, as Isaiah said: Indeed, this people has drawn near to Me and honors Me with their lips, but their heart is far from Me. They worship Me in vain and teach the commandments of men. And He called the crowd and said to them: Listen and understand, it is not what enters the mouth that defiles a person, but what comes out of the mouth that defiles a person. Then His disciples came to Him and said: Know that the Pharisees, when they heard the saying, complained. He answered them and said: Every plant that My Heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted. Leave them, for they are blind, leading the blind. Peter answered Him and said: Explain to us the parable! He said: Are you also without understanding? Do you not know that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and is expelled into the latrine? But what comes out of the mouth comes from the heart, and this is what defiles a person. For out of the heart come evil thoughts: murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, slander. These are what defile a person, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a person. And Murqus said: Indeed, whatever goes out and enters the mouth of a person cannot defile him because it does not reach the heart, but rather goes into the belly and goes out. And what comes out of a person is what defiles a person, for from within come evil thoughts: sexual immorality, murder, theft, greed, wickedness, deceit, sensuality, envy, slander, pride, foolishness. All these evil things come from within and defile a person. It has ended. And in it, there is that which is not permissible to be stated in our law: the father - as has been mentioned several times.
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