And when the misguidance of his people, those whom We rescued from the servitude of Pharaoh and his people, was astonishing, and the listener was eager to know what happened to them after their victory, he mentioned that beginning with the letter of expectation, indicating their state in their misguidance as a consolation for the Prophet ﷺ. He said: ﴿And We certainly gave﴾ meaning by Our greatness ﴿Moses the Book﴾ meaning the one that organizes the interests of the first existence and the second as well.

And when their Book was not revealed except after the destruction of Pharaoh, as is clear to anyone who reflects on the various parts of their story in the Qur'an, and the state of the destruction of the Egyptians indicates that the Book is for the Children of Israel, he sufficed with their pronoun and said: ﴿So that perhaps they﴾ meaning the people of Moses and Aaron, peace be upon them ﴿may be guided﴾ meaning so that their state may be like that of one who does not know the outcomes of the state of one whose guidance is hoped for. Thus, his placing them in this position of hope indicates that among them are those who did not find guidance; Ibn Kathir said: And after the Torah was revealed, no nation was destroyed in general, rather he commanded the believers to fight the disbelievers - ended.

And it is not far from this that the pronoun in 'perhaps they' refers to the subsequent generations indicated by His saying ﴿generations﴾ [Al-Mu'minun: 42]. And perhaps His saying: ﴿And We certainly gave Moses the Book after (p-148) We destroyed the earlier generations, as clear signs for the people and guidance and mercy so that perhaps they may remember﴾ [Al-Qasas: 43] points to this. And He concluded the general destruction with drowning just as He began with it, and the two Prophets to whom this happened both called upon those who disobeyed him. Each of them was represented by the Prophet ﷺ in the Battle of Badr in severity against the disobedient with Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, who was obeyed by the Nile and whose army the Tigris obeyed.