And among [the people] are those who had refrained from faith before this statement. Among them are those who believe upon hearing these decisive words. And among [the people] are those whose nature has become very hardened. He means by saying, "who argues" with all his effort "about Allah," meaning about His power and what this noble name encompasses of His attributes after this statement, which has no equal and in which there is no ambiguity. "Without knowledge" that has come to him from Allah through the tongue of one of His chosen ones, whether it be a book or otherwise. "Nor guidance" that has directed him to it from his intellect, whether it be by necessity or inference. "Nor an enlightening book" that he has confirmed is from Allah. It is known that with the absence of these three, his argument can only be with falsehood.