Commentary
And when it became clear what His provision, glorified is He, entails for the dead in His path, whether by killing or otherwise, regarding His reviving of him, and it became clear, glorified is He, that He is the best of providers due to His greatness, He concluded with these two descriptions. He followed it with another proof for all of that with a clear verse that encompasses the upper and lower worlds, establishing His greatness and majesty. He said: "Have you not seen" meaning, O you who are addressed, "that Allah" meaning, the One who encompasses in power and knowledge, "has sent down from the heavens water" by sending winds that stir up clouds, so it rains upon the smooth earth.
And when this questioning is recited with negation in the meaning of affirmation for the vision of the sending down, due to it containing a meaning of denial, He followed "has sent down" with a statement that is customary, expressing it in the present tense to indicate the greatness of the blessing due to the long duration of the effect of the rain and the renewal of its benefit: "So the earth becomes" meaning, after it had been black, dry, dead, and dormant, "green" alive and flourishing, shaking and growing, with what contains the provision for the servants and the cultivation of the land. And He did not establish that it is its answer so that it does not imply the negation of greening. This is because the questioning, in terms of its meaning of denial, negates the vision of the sending down, which is the affirmation of the vision. Thus, what has been made an answer to it would be negated, because the answer depends on what its answer is. If what it depends on is negated, then what depends on it is also negated. That is, if the necessary condition is negated, then the consequent is negated. And if the cause is negated, then the effect is negated - as previously mentioned: "So they will have hearts". If He had established "becomes" as the answer to the questioning, the meaning would be that the absence of greening is dependent on the negation of the negation of the sending down, which is the affirmation of the sending down, and this is clearly invalid - as our Sheikh, Imam Abu al-Fadl, may Allah have mercy on him, indicated.
And when this is a production of things from their opposites, because each of water in its thinness and fluidity and soil in its density and solidity is at the utmost distance from vegetation in its variety and greenness, and its growth and beauty, He said, glorified and exalted is He, indicating this: "Indeed, Allah" meaning, the One who has complete might and perfect knowledge, "is subtle" meaning, He causes things to come about from their opposites, "All-Aware" meaning, He is aware of the secrets, even if they are subtle. Thus, it is not far-fetched for Him to revive whom He wills after his death, and to be generous in his provision.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Al-Hajj verse 63