Tafsir for verse: 22:28
لِّيَشۡهَدُواْ مَنَٰفِعَ لَهُمۡ وَيَذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ فِيٓ أَيَّامٖ مَّعۡلُومَٰتٍ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّنۢ بَهِيمَةِ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِۖ فَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا وَأَطۡعِمُواْ ٱلۡبَآئِسَ ٱلۡفَقِيرَ ٢٨ ﴿28
28so that they witness benefits for them, and recite Allah’s name in specified days, over the provision He gave them from the cattle. “So, eat thereof and feed the distressed, the poor.”
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Commentary

And when man is inclined towards benefits, eager for beautiful returns, he justifies the coming of what encourages him, permitting from His grace what he seeks from the matter of livelihood. He said: ﴿Let them witness﴾ meaning let them attend with complete presence ﴿benefits for themselves﴾ meaning not for the deity, religiously and worldly. For just as He, glorified and exalted is He, made those places erasers for sins, attracting hearts, He made them attractors for benefits, flowing with the best returns, safe from poverty, compensating for brokenness. And since benefits do not become good and fruitful except with piety, the one who carries towards piety for the sake of remembrance said: ﴿and let them mention the name of Allah﴾ meaning the one who encompasses all perfections with the takbir and others at the time of slaughtering and otherwise, informing that He is the intended one whom all purposes follow. For it is He who gathered them upon what is in that blessed land and those obscure places except by His complete power and comprehensive strength, not the name of anything from the idols as the pre-Islamic period used to do. ﴿In days well-known﴾ meaning knowledge that they are the first ten in Dhul-Hijjah, which corresponds to its name, not what they named it while its named is something else according to what was ruled by the nasi. And in this is an indication that the intended meaning is abundance, for the general mention is recommended at all times. And in the expression of knowledge, there is an indication of the obligation to exert effort after confirming that the month of Dhul-Hijjah is named and named in the clarification of its beginning. As for the days of Tashreeq, since they were based on knowledge of the matter of the month which was commanded here, it resulted in knowledge by the day of Eid, and there was no need for anything other than counting, so he expressed it by that without knowledge.

And when the livestock are the most precious of their wealth, Allah, the Exalted, said encouraging them and warning: ﴿Upon﴾ meaning blessed by His mention and praising Him for ﴿what He has provided them﴾ and if He willed, He would have obliterated it ﴿from the beasts﴾. And since the beast is ambiguous in every four-legged creature in land and sea, He clarified it by saying: ﴿the cattle﴾ from camels, cattle, and sheep with the takbir at the sight of it, then at the time of its slaughter. And in it is an encouragement to draw near with sacrifices and gifts. And for that reason, He turned to their approach, and the structure of 'for them' revolves around obscurity, concealment, and closure, and the structure of 'livestock' revolves around comfort, ease, and tranquility.

'And when He, glorified and exalted is He, mentioned worship, He addressed it to Ibrahim, blessings and peace be upon him, as a reminder that it is for the greatness of the worshipped, and that only the pure can truly perform it. He turned to all the worshippers with permission for what pleases them from the grant of enjoyment, as a reminder of the blessing, urging gratitude. He said, clarifying what is included in that from the slaughter: 'So eat from it,' meaning if you wish when you volunteer with it, and do not refrain like the people of ignorance. Eating from what is volunteered does not take it out of being a sacrifice in this lenient [Hanif] way, as a favor upon its people, honoring its Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him. Eating from what is obligatory is not permissible for one upon whom it is obligatory, because if he eats from it, he is not fulfilling what is required of him completely. 'And feed the miserable,' meaning the one whose need has intensified, from 'b'isa' as he hears when his condition worsens and he becomes poor. And it is clarified that he is from that, not from 'b'ousa' - like 'karuma' which means: intensified in war, by His saying: 'the poor.'

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