Commentary
And when the evidence arose, and the path became clear, and every saying and claim diminished, falsehood was obliterated. He said, warning them of that: "Am I to return from my misguidance when my error has become clear to me?" So they affirmed the Oneness of Allah. Or, "Have they taken deities from besides Him?" And he indicated that everything besides Him is lesser than that, affirming that their deities are part of that by establishing the neighborly relationship. He said, warning them again, reiterating what has passed in a more general manner, seeking proof, hinting at the threat: "From besides Him, deities from the heavens or the earth or others."
And when their response was: "We have taken [them]," and his matter does not return with their response, he said: "Say, 'Bring forth your proof' regarding what you have claimed of reason or transmission, just as I have established with the proof of transmission supported by reason."
And when the Generous, glorified and exalted is He, does not hold accountable for the contradiction of reason unless it is accompanied by the evidence of transmission, he followed his saying, indicating what Allah has sent the messengers with from the Books: "This is a reminder," meaning a counsel and honor, "for those who are with me," from those who have believed in me. It has been established that it is the speech of Allah due to your inability to oppose it. So look, do you find in it anything that supports your matter? "And a reminder," meaning, "and this is a reminder of those before me." So ask the people of the two Books, is there in the Book of either of them any proof for you?
And when they do not find any semblance of that, let alone a proof, the situation necessitated turning away from them in anger. It was as if it were said: they do not find any proof for any of that. "Rather, most of them," meaning these who are being called, "do not know the truth." Rather, they are ignorant, and ignorance is the root of evil and corruption. They disbelieve out of imitation. "So they caused what we began with in the Surah, that they are "turning away from your reminder and the reminder of those before you, heedlessly from what is intended for them, and acting in play like the behavior of one who is deficient in reason. And some of them are obstinate despite their knowledge of the truth, and some of them know and understand, just as it has been understood by the qualification of the majority.
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