Commentary
And when it became evident of their lying in their claim of faith due to what they did after Moses, which they deserved for it to be eternal in the Fire, He established another proof stronger than all that had preceded it. For it was not ordained to them in the Torah what was ordained to them in the oneness of Allah and the distance from polytheism, which is in the copies existing among them now. And they contradicted all of that by taking the calf during the days of Moses and in the presence of Aaron, peace be upon them, as it is now stated in what is before them of it. And Allah, the Most High, said: "And certainly Moses came to you with clear signs" from the signs.
And when their disbelief was, with that, at the utmost degree of remoteness, He expressed it with His tool, depicting the increase of its ugliness by its arrangement on the clearest statement and reproaching them. He said: "Then you took the calf," meaning: along with the treatment for your original nature and your sound minds, "the calf." And He alerted with the preposition that the taking occurred in some time after, saying: "after him," meaning: after Moses had departed from you to the mountain, as in the other verse, "And We tested your people after you" [Ta-Ha: 85]. "And you," meaning: while you were "wrongdoers," meaning: you did not claim that it was your god out of ignorance on your part, but rather after the clear signs had come to you that your god is indeed Allah, who saved you from servitude and showed you from the extraordinary wonders what does not accept doubt. And you heard His words and knew that He is not a body and does not resemble a body. So you did not do that except because wrongdoing - which is walking without order, a random stumbling - is a description that is inherent to you.
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