Commentary
(p-106) Their story began with a warning about the scarcity of their intellects and the lightness of their understanding, in that their situation is such that they deceive one who cannot be deceived. The reason that led them to this is that they have no kind of awareness nor anything of perception. This is as Allah, the Most High, says - in response to the question of one who seems to have said: What is their intention by showing faith and informing about themselves in a manner other than what they are truly characterized by, while they know the ugliness of lying and its disgracefulness and its horror and its repulsiveness? ﴿They deceive Allah﴾ means they exaggerate in their dealings with Him in this manner by concealing what they do not show, despite His encompassing knowledge of all things. Deception, in its essence, is concealment, and the form of mutual action in its essence is for exaggeration, because when the action is overcome by its doer, it becomes more eloquent and precise than if he were to perform it alone. ﴿And those who believe﴾ means they treat them with that treatment, and His command, the Most High, to implement the rulings of Islam upon them in this world takes the form of deception, and likewise the compliance of the believers with His command concerning them. Al-Harali said: And He came with the form of mutual action due to the encompassing knowledge of Allah regarding their deception, and no one else has recited it nor should it be recited. Deception is the appearance of good by which one seeks to conceal evil that will ultimately result from that apparent good. End of quote.
﴿And they do not deceive﴾ means by that which they use to mislead the believers ﴿except themselves﴾ meaning that their intellects, due to their wickedness, are only called selves. Al-Harali said: The self is that by which a person breathes upon another, in a manner of oppression from him and sufficiency with the existence of his own breath upon others. End of quote. And the reading of the omission does not contradict the reading of "They deceive"; because the absolute does not conflict with the restricted in exaggeration. And He expressed here with the form of mutual action due to their awareness, as Al-Harali said, of the corruption of their conditions at certain times and by certain individuals, and with the form of the simple verb due to their blindness to the corruption of their conditions at most of their times and their general blindness. And there is nothing from Allah, glorified and exalted is He, except by the term deception, because they do not know what is hidden from them of His matter. For this reason, it came in the verse of women ﴿They deceive Allah, and He is deceiving them﴾ [An-Nisa: 142]. End of quote.
﴿And they do not feel﴾ means a type of awareness; due to the excess of their ignorance that they do not harm anyone except themselves, for Allah knows their secret as He knows their open actions. And the omission of the related matter of awareness is for generalization, and awareness, as Al-Harali said, is the beginning of the perception of knowledge, as if it is the origin of its growth before its form is completed, it becomes distinguished. End of quote.
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