Commentary
And when He, glorified and exalted is He, made clear their disgrace until He concluded it with the great sins they committed against the messengers, by killing them in a figurative sense through denial and in a literal sense by taking lives, while knowing that they came with clear proofs and miraculous signs. The situation indicated that the decree was such that they said to the prophets when they brought them many matters that astonished from their emergence from a rational being. They responded to their denial and killing with contradictions that no scholar or ignorant person would accept. This is in reference to their saying: "And they said, 'The Fire will not touch us'" [Al-Baqarah: 80], as a statement of the intensity of their astonishment and the strength of their obstinacy: "And they said" in response to what they were being presented with from the jewels of knowledge which are clearer than the sun.
"Our hearts are wrapped" is the plural of 'ghulf,' which is the covering of the male organ with the foreskin, as if the wrapping is at the two ends of a person: his male organ and his heart, until Allah completes His word at both ends with circumcision and faith, as stated by Al-Harali. The meaning is: they have coverings over them, so they do not understand what you say. The intent behind this is that they are the most knowledgeable of people that what they say is not worthy of being understood. Therefore, Allah, glorified and exalted is He, turned away from them with His saying: "Rather" meaning: the matter is not as they said that there is truly a wrapping. Rather, "Allah has cursed them" meaning: the greatest King has expelled them from accepting that because they are not worthy of happiness after He created them upon the original upright nature, with no wrapping over their hearts, because cursing is a distancing in meaning and status until the cursed becomes like the sole of a shoe at the bottom of the stature, encountering the harm of being stepped on, as stated by Al-Harali.
Then He clarified the reason for that with His saying: "Because of their disbelief". Al-Harali said: the greatest of sins is that for which the punishment of Allah, the Exalted, is obligatory with sins more severe than it. Their arrogance led to cursing, just as it was in the case of Iblis with Adam, peace be upon him. The essence of this surah is to reveal the two types of devils from among the jinn and mankind, which concludes the Qur'an with His saying: "From among the jinn and mankind" [An-Nas: 6], so that its ends connect, making it a conclusion with no beginning or end; and Al-Fatihah encompasses it, and it cannot be said: it is its beginning or its end. Therefore, some of the reciters concluded it with a connection so that no end is apparent to him, as the Arabs said when asked about their children: they are like a ring that has been hollowed out, and it is not known where its ends are. And when He informed of their cursing, He caused it to lead to His saying: "And few of them believe". He described it with scarcity and emphasized it, indicating that it is overwhelmed by disbelief and has no sufficiency.
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