Commentary
And when the correct methodology is such that it becomes a cause for gathering at every sound disposition, he was astonished by them in their investment of other than that, so he said: "So they differed," meaning that as a result of this cause for gathering, they differed. "The many factions." And when the difference did not encompass all the issues in their law, he said: "From among them," meaning the Children of Israel who were specifically addressed by that. There was no group among them other than themselves in this upright statement that should not be accepted by anyone who has the slightest understanding. Among them were those who knew that it was the truth, so they followed it and did not deviate from its correctness. And among them were those who strayed far into misguidance from it with doubts that are nothing weaker than them. It has been narrated from Qatadah that four of the scholars of the Children of Israel gathered: Ya'qub, Nustur, Malka, and Israel. Ya'qub said: "Jesus is Allah who descended to the earth," so the three denied him and the Jacobites followed him. Nustur said: "Jesus is the son of Allah," so the two denied him and the Nusturians followed him. Malka said: "Jesus is one of three: Allah is God, Mary is God, and Jesus is God," so the fourth denied him and a group followed him. Israel said: "Jesus is the servant of Allah and His word which He bestowed upon Mary and a spirit from Him," so a group from the Children of Israel followed him. Then the four fought, and the believers were overwhelmed and killed, and the Jacobite sect prevailed over all - Abu Hayyan and Ibn Kathir mentioned its meaning and narrated it from Abd al-Razzaq from Ma'mar from Qatadah. "So woe," meaning as a result of their differing, we say: Woe "to those who disbelieved" among them and others "from the sight of a great day" in its gathering of all the creatures, and what is in it of terrors and calamities.
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