Tafsir for verse: 17:61
وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسۡجُدُواْ لِأٓدَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓاْ إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ قَالَ ءَأَسۡجُدُ لِمَنۡ خَلَقۡتَ طِينٗا ٦١ ﴿61
61(Remember) when We said to the angels, “Prostrate yourself before ’Ādam.” So, they all prostrated, except Iblīs (Satan). He said, “Shall I prostrate before the one You have created from mud?”
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Commentary

And when it was previously stated that they distanced themselves from the resurrection due to their becoming after death mere bones; and Allah, the Most High, informed of His power over that; even if they were to become what is more difficult for them in resurrection than bones; by being stones; or iron; and He indicated His power over acting by breaking the norm in iron; by softening it for a servant of His; then in stones in a manner of progression in the confused resurrection; with something more astonishing than that; which is the granting of life to it for another servant of His; He indicated His action in the dust; which is the end of the bones; which led them to distance themselves by something more astonishing than all that has preceded; and that is by granting complete life with speech upon it; without there having preceded it a state of life at all; and that is by the creation of Adam - blessings and peace be upon him - who is their origin; along with what is in that of preserving the context in consolation that the verses do not benefit the one judged with his misery; and that Adam - blessings and peace be upon him - was subjected to the envious; and his harm intensified towards him; despite the fact that he is the chosen one of Allah; and the first of His prophets; with the clarification that most of the causes of tyranny is envy; which led Iblis to what he did; so Allah, the Most High, said: "And when"; meaning: and also mention what occurred of tyranny; along with the witnessing of the verses; at the beginning of this creation; from Iblis; who is among the most knowledgeable of creation regarding the verses of Allah; and His greatness; then from those who followed him from the descendants of Adam - blessings and peace be upon him - after the realization of his enmity; in opposing their Lord, the Benefactor to them; while claiming his guardianship; when He said: "Say"; meaning: by what we have of greatness; which nothing disobeys its will; "to the angels"; when We created your father Adam; and preferred him; "Prostrate to Adam"; in compliance with My command; "So they prostrated except Iblis"; he refused to prostrate; due to being among those upon whom the word was justified; and what he knew of the power of Allah; and His greatness did not benefit him; and that is the meaning of His saying: "He said"; meaning: to Us; denying; being arrogant; "Should I prostrate"; meaning: in submission; "to one whom You created"; while being the origin of his being; "from clay"; so he disbelieved in his relation to Us regarding injustice; and lack of wisdom; imagining that he is more honored than Adam - blessings and peace be upon him -; in that the branches return to the roots; and that the fire which is his origin is more honorable than clay; and he overlooked that clay is more beneficial than fire; so he is more honored; and according to the estimation of the descent, all jewels are of one kind; and Allah, the Most High; who created them from nothing; prefers some of them over others; by what He brings about in them of qualities; as has been previously indicated in "And We have certainly preferred some of the prophets over others" [Al-Isra: 55].

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