Tafsir for verse: 17:54
رَّبُّكُمۡ أَعۡلَمُ بِكُمۡۖ إِن يَشَأۡ يَرۡحَمۡكُمۡ أَوۡ إِن يَشَأۡ يُعَذِّبۡكُمۡۚ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَكِيلٗا ٥٤ ﴿54
54Your Lord knows you best. If He so wills, He will have mercy on you, and if He so wills, He will punish you, and We did not send you (O Prophet,) to become responsible for them.
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Commentary

Then he explained "that which is best"; from what their Lord taught them of the good; by His saying (the Exalted): "Your Lord knows you best"; then he began anew; and he said (the Exalted): "If He wills"; your mercy; "He will have mercy on you"; by making it easy for you to do good deeds; "or if He wills"; your punishment; "He will punish you"; by making it easy for you to do evil deeds; so when they were told that, they were deserving of presenting - or those whom Allah wills from them - their deeds according to what they know of good; and evil; and they should look at which of them is closer to it; and perhaps that would deter them from their souls from corruption; to cut off the root of stubbornness; and it is permissible - and it is better for me - that the verse is a new statement that serves as a reason for the command to do what is best; that is: "Your Lord"; O servants; "knows you best"; and what your matter will lead to; of happiness; and misery; "If He wills, He will have mercy on you"; by guiding you; "or if He wills, He will punish you"; by leading you astray; so do not belittle, O believers, the polytheists; so that you do not conclude that they are of the people of the Fire; and do not reproach them with that; for it leads to grudges; and the heat of hearts; and the anger of souls; without benefit; because the outcome is unknown; and do not exceed in them what I command you regarding; in word; and action; for it is the best; then he elevated the discourse to the highest of creation; and the head of the people of the Law; so that those below him are more deserving of the meaning than him; and he said (the Exalted): "And what"; that is: we have not sent you except to call for something like that; according to what we command you; and what "we have sent you"; that is: with what we have of greatness; self-sufficient from everything; "over them as a guardian"; that is: a protector; and a guarantor for others; regarding what pleases Allah; and we have only sent you as a bringer of good tidings; and a warner; so be lenient with them; and command your companions to be lenient with them.

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