Commentary
And when He completed the prohibition of these two matters that are united in describing immorality; and in the cause; regarding the estimation; and in the destruction of the child by killing; and what is similar to it; He followed them with the absolute killing; which among its causes is the acquisition of wealth; so He said (the Most High): "And do not kill the soul"; meaning: because of what the Creator has made for it of sanctity; "which Allah has forbidden"; meaning: the Sovereign, the Most High; to whom belongs all command; in Islam; or the covenant; "except by right"; meaning: by a matter that Allah permits by which that sanctity which was is made permissible; so the causes that are prohibited by the prohibition of their causes become a prevention of existence out of stinginess; then its expenditure becomes extravagance; then the acquisition of what is lost becomes aggression; then He added to what the context made clear of His estimation; which is: "So whoever kills a soul without right; he has certainly disobeyed Allah; and His Messenger"; "And whoever is killed"; meaning: his killing occurred from any killer; "unjustly"; meaning: by any injustice; without committing one of three: disbelief; and adultery after chastity; and the intentional killing of a believer; unjustly; "So We have made"; meaning: by what We have of greatness; "for his guardian"; meaning: whether he is a relative; or a ruler; "a ruler"; meaning: a matter that is authoritative; "So let not the guardian be extravagant"; or "So let not you be extravagant, O guardian"; "in killing"; by killing someone other than the killer; and let him not exceed his right in any way; "Indeed, he"; meaning: the killed; "was supported" (p-411) in this world; by what Allah has instilled in nature from the immorality of killing; and the aversion of everyone to it; and the hatred of the killer; and the repulsion from him; and the prevention of him; and in the Hereafter by taking his right from him without injustice; and without negligence; so whoever is confident in that, he leaves extravagance; for indeed it is due to the fear of loss; or to the fear of returning.
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