Tafsir for verse: 17:31
وَلَا تَقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَوۡلَٰدَكُمۡ خَشۡيَةَ إِمۡلَٰقٖۖ نَّحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُهُمۡ وَإِيَّاكُمۡۚ إِنَّ قَتۡلَهُمۡ كَانَ خِطۡـٔٗا كَبِيرٗا ٣١ ﴿31
31Do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide sustenance to them and to you, too. Killing them is a great sin indeed.
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Commentary

And when He completed - glorified is He - what He intended from the advice regarding the fundamentals; and what followed that; and He concluded it with what He established about the taking and giving of provision; without any means being beneficial in that; He advised them regarding the branches; due to their extreme weakness; and they were killing their daughters out of fear of poverty; and the name of the daughter had become for them - due to how long they had found it detestable - a cause for harshness; so He said - in prohibiting that; confronting them; informing them of its distance - blessings and peace be upon him and his family - from this character before Islam; and after it -: "And do not kill your children"; expressing with the word 'children'; which is an invitation to tenderness; and compassion; "for fear of poverty"; meaning: anticipated poverty; which has not yet occurred; then He connected that; resuming His saying: "We provide for them and for you"; presenting the pronoun of the children; due to the anticipated poverty from spending on them; which does not occur in the case of killing; unlike the verse of 'Al-An'am'; for its context indicates that poverty occurs at the time of killing; and killing is due to the inability to spend; then He explained that with what is more general than it; so He said (glorified and exalted is He): "Indeed, their killing"; meaning: absolutely; for this; or otherwise; "was a great sin"; Al-Rummani said: and "the sin"; meaning: with a broken sound; then a pause; it can only be intentional towards what is contrary to correctness; and "the mistake"; meaning: with a vowel; it may occur without intention.

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