Commentary
And when the encompassing of these two names has been established; as for "Allah"; it encompasses all the meanings of the Most Beautiful Names; and as for "the Most Gracious"; it is by the quality of mercy; which every addressed person is commanded to invoke by both of them; he - blessings and peace be upon him - specified it with the command of praise; which means encompassing the attributes of perfection; and his name - blessings and peace be upon him - is derived from it; due to his being characterized by it; as one who praises; and one who is praised; and by the declaration of greatness regarding everything that the servants understand from His Most Beautiful Names; so He said (the Exalted): "And say: Praise is due to Allah"; meaning: the encompassing of the Most Beautiful Attributes; "to Allah"; meaning: the Greatest King; "who has not taken"; due to His encompassing of the Most Beautiful Attributes; "a child"; for that would only be due to need; and need is among the worst attributes; "and there is not"; meaning: it does not exist in any way; "for Him a partner in the kingdom"; nor a child; nor anything else; for that would only be due to incapacity; "and there is not for Him a supporter"; a helper; more general than that the helper be a child; or a partner; or anything else; then He qualified it by describing it with His saying (the Exalted): "from humiliation"; indicating that He has allies; He has granted them closeness; and made them supporters of His religion; as a mercy from Him to them; not out of need from Him to them; "and magnify Him"; so that no one shares with Him in anything; and from everything that any understanding person may comprehend; and describes Him with it; and the declaration of greatness is the most eloquent expression for the Arabs in the meaning of glorification and veneration; Abu Hayyan said it; and he confirmed it with the source; to establish it; and to convey its meaning; meaning: he said: "a declaration of greatness"; that no one can comprehend the essence of His knowledge; or that anyone may be ignorant of it in any way; rather He has veiled - glorified is He - with His majesty; and grandeur; so He is not known; and He has manifested Himself with His honor; and perfection; so He is not denied; thus it is clear that He is characterized by praise that He (the Exalted) is characterized by all the attributes of perfection; and it is clear in His description by negating what has been mentioned that He is exalted above any defects; and that He is greater than everything that comes to the minds of the servants who are inclined towards deficiency; and who are created with the instincts of incapacity; and for this and other meanings of the greatest significance; the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - named this verse the verse of honor; as narrated by Imam Ahmad; from Sahl; from his father - may Allah be pleased with them both -; and that is exactly what the chapter was opened with in terms of glorification; and an addition - and Allah - glorified and exalted is He - knows best what is correct; and to Him is the return and the final destination.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Al-Isra verse 111