And when He (glorified and exalted is He) clarified the virtue of this Qur'an; by which He cuts off their argument; and He had previously mentioned the virtue of the one who commands justice; and he is on a straight path; He began to clarify the description of the Qur'an as encompassing everything; and its inclusion of that most upright path; so He (glorified and exalted is He) said - gathering what relates to obligations and supererogatory acts; and what relates to morals and etiquette; in general and specific terms -: ﴿Indeed, Allah﴾; meaning: the King who possesses all attributes of perfection; ﴿commands justice﴾; which is fairness; and no action is accepted without it; and the first degree of it is monotheism; upon which the surah is built; and justice is sometimes considered in meaning; and it refers to a state in a person that requires equality; and sometimes in intellect; and it refers to the equitable distribution based on equality; and sometimes it is said: it is all virtue; in that nothing of virtues is excluded from it; and sometimes it is said: it is the most complete of virtues; in that its possessor is capable of applying it to himself; and to others; and it is the measure of Allah, free from any slip; and by it the affairs of the world are established; and by it the heavens and the earth stand firm; and it is a middle ground; all its extremes are injustice; and in general, the law is the gathering of justice; and by it its truths are known; and whoever remains steadfast on the path of truth has indeed established himself on the path of justice; Al-Razi mentioned it in 'Al-Lawami'; and in it is a summary; and at the end of the fifteenth part of the cultural works, it is mentioned that Umar ibn Abdul Aziz - may Allah be pleased with him - said to Muhammad ibn Ka'b al-Qurazi - may Allah be pleased with him -: Describe justice to me; and he said: Be a father to the small among the people; and a son to their elders; and a brother to the equal; and likewise for women; and punish people according to the extent of their sins; according to the size of their bodies; and do not strike (p-237) with a single whip out of your anger, lest you exceed and be among the unjust; it has ended.

﴿And the good﴾; it is the act of obedience in the highest forms; for justice is obligatory; and goodness is a virtue; it is surpassing fairness to be generous to oneself; because perhaps there is a deficiency in the obligation, which is compensated by the supererogatory; and in the Oneness, it is the elevation from the first degrees; and among its highest is being free from the worlds; and the worlds are in their absence when the light of truth spreads, like the stars in their obscurity when the light of the sun spreads; its ultimate goal is annihilation; even from this richness; and witnessing Allah alone; and this is the Oneness in truth; as in the hadith of Abu Huraira - may Allah be pleased with him - which is agreed upon: "Goodness is to worship Allah as if you see Him; if you do not see Him, then indeed He sees you"; and it is the spirit of humanity; so in the eighth part of the cultures; from Asim ibn Kulayb al-Jurmi, he said: "My father Kulayb informed me that he witnessed a funeral that the Messenger of Allah - blessings and peace be upon him - attended; he said: and I was a boy who understood and comprehended; he said: then he brought the funeral to the grave; and when it was not yet allowed for it; the Messenger of Allah - blessings and peace be upon him - began to say: 'Level this' or 'Take this'; he said: until the people thought it was a Sunnah; then he turned to them and said: 'This does not benefit the dead; nor does it harm him; but Allah (the Exalted) loves from the worker when he works to do it well.'"

﴿And giving to relatives﴾; for it is from the goodness; and he is the most deserving of people of kindness; and this encompasses goodness in maintaining the ties of kinship.

And when He commanded good manners; He prohibited evils; and the appropriate; so He said (the Exalted): ﴿And He forbids immorality﴾; and it is what severely falls short of justice; thus it is the opposite of goodness; ﴿and wrongdoing﴾; and it is what falls short of justice in general; ﴿and oppression﴾; and it is the act of rising above others unjustly; and Al-Baydawi said in Surah "Ash-Shura": it is the request to exceed moderation in what is divisible; whether in quantity or quality; and it is from the wrongdoing; he stated this with emphasis; and it is akin to severing the ties of kinship; and it shares with it in hastening punishment: "There is no sin more deserving that Allah hastens punishment for its owner; along with what He reserves for him in the Hereafter; from oppression and severing the ties of kinship"; narrated by Ahmad; Abu Dawood; and Al-Tirmidhi; from Abu Bakrah - may Allah be pleased with him - and he raised it; and the essence of oppression is intention; as if it has become - by understanding this prohibited meaning - prohibited; when removing its object; because man - due to being created with deficiency - hardly has a sound intention; thus he must be devoid of choice; with the overpowering king; the One, the Subduer; so his intention becomes subordinate to His intention; and His choice; beyond his obedience; and from Al-Hasan, that the first two morals did not leave an obedience except that they combined them; and the last two did not leave a disobedience except that they combined them.

And when this speech called; despite its brevity; to the mothers of virtues which are knowledge; justice; chastity; and courage; and it added from beauty whatever it wished; then indeed, goodness is from the fruits of chastity; and the prohibition of oppression; which is from the fruits of blameworthy courage; thus in what is besides it; and nothing of that stands except by knowledge; and this was the most eloquent admonition; which He - glorified and exalted is He - alerted to by His saying (the Most High): ﴿He admonishes you﴾; meaning: He commands you with what softens your hearts by associating with three; and avoiding three; ﴿So that perhaps you may remember﴾; meaning: so that your state may be like that of one whose remembrance is hoped for; for in that are the high ranks by what Allah has granted of intellect; which calls to all good; and forbids all harm; for indeed, everyone; from child and others; dislikes that anything of these prohibitions be done to them; so whoever has intellect; and considers with his intellect; knows that others dislike from him what he dislikes from them; and he knows that if he does not refrain from doing what his brother dislikes; quarrel will occur; and corruption will result leading to the ruin of the earth; this in action with his like from the created beings; so how about with the Creator that he describes Him with what is not befitting Him - glorified is He; and exalted is His name; and high is His majesty; and great is His command.