Tafsir for verse: 16:112
وَضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا قَرۡيَةٗ كَانَتۡ ءَامِنَةٗ مُّطۡمَئِنَّةٗ يَأۡتِيهَا رِزۡقُهَا رَغَدٗا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٖ فَكَفَرَتۡ بِأَنۡعُمِ ٱللَّهِ فَأَذَٰقَهَا ٱللَّهُ لِبَاسَ ٱلۡجُوعِ وَٱلۡخَوۡفِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ ١١٢ ﴿112
112Allah gives an example: There was a town, secure and content with its sustenance coming in plenty from every place. Then, it turned ungrateful to the bounties of Allah; so, Allah made it to taste hunger and terror (that covered it) like a garment, as recompense of what its people used to do.
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Commentary

And when He, glorified and exalted is He, followed what He had previously struck of examples with His saying, "And He provided you from the good things"; and He followed it by mentioning the Hour, with His saying, "And the matter of the Hour"; until the end of it; and He continued in what has passed of its connections, taking some of it by the restraint of some; until He concluded with the Hour; and He freed from injustice in it; and clarified that the deeds there are the basis of recompense; He referred back to what has passed - of the obligatory examples; the estimated; the encouraging - with a tangible example; existing; clarifying that the deeds in this abode are also the basis of recompense; warning against hastening in it with a whip of punishment; so He said, "And Allah struck"; meaning: the King, encompassing all things in power and knowledge; for you, O you who oppose; "an example of a town"; from the towns of the past; which you know; like the town of Hud; or Salih; or Lut; or Shu'ayb - peace be upon them -; its state was like their state; and from Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with them - that it is Makkah; "was secure"; meaning: having security; its people are secure in a time of fear; "tranquil"; meaning: sometimes with its people; they do not need in it to migrate; and to move; due to the increase of security; by the abundance of numbers; and the strength of support; and Allah's restraining the people from it; and the existence of what its people need; "comes to it"; meaning: in a manner of renewal and continuity; "its provision abundant"; meaning: wide and good; "from every place"; land and sea; by the facilitation of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, for them that.

And when abundance often leads to arrogance; He, glorified and exalted is He, alerted to that with the conjunction; so He said, "So it disbelieved"; and He alerted - glorified is He - to the abundance of His grace by gathering the few; indicating that the abundance of His grace upon them is trivial in comparison to what is with Him - glorified and exalted is He -; so He said: "By the blessings of Allah"; meaning: the one who has all perfection; as you disbelieved; "So Allah made it taste"; meaning: the one who encompasses all things in power and knowledge; "the garment of hunger"; after the abundance of living; "and fear"; after security; and tranquility; until that became for them - encompassing them - a garment; and by the severity of their distress, a tasting; so it is as if the view to the borrowed was for him; and here it is more eloquent; for its indication of encompassing; and tasting; and if he had looked to the borrowed, he would have said: So He clothed it; and it would have missed the tasting; and that is as Kuthayyir looked at it, in his saying:

The flood of the cloak when he smiled laughing ∗∗∗ The necks of wealth were closed by his laughter.

He borrowed the cloak for the good; because it preserves the preservation of the cloak; for what is thrown upon it; and he described it with flooding; which is the description of good and giving; not the description of the cloak; which is borrowed; and if he had looked at it, he would have described it with abundance; or length; for example; as he looked at it who said - mentioning the sword with which a person protects himself -:

My cloak is contending with me, the servant of Amr ∗∗∗ Wait a moment, O brother of Bakr ibn Amr.

For me is the half that my right hand possesses ∗∗∗ And you take from it by half.

So he looked at the borrowed item; it is the cloak; in the wording of the trade; and the disgrace of Ibn al-Rawandi became apparent in his heresy; when he said to Ibn al-A'rabi: Is clothing tasted? He said to him: There is no harm, O you little man; suppose that Muhammad was not a prophet; was he not Arab? ﴿By what they were﴾; meaning: by their natures; ﴿They make﴾; of disbelief and arrogance; they have become accustomed to it by frequent practice; like training a person in his craft.

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