Commentary
And when He, glorified and exalted is He, followed what He had previously struck of examples with His saying, "And He provided you from the good things"; and He followed it by mentioning the Hour, with His saying, "And the matter of the Hour"; until the end of it; and He continued in what has passed of its connections, taking some of it by the restraint of some; until He concluded with the Hour; and He freed from injustice in it; and clarified that the deeds there are the basis of recompense; He referred back to what has passed - of the obligatory examples; the estimated; the encouraging - with a tangible example; existing; clarifying that the deeds in this abode are also the basis of recompense; warning against hastening in it with a whip of punishment; so He said, "And Allah struck"; meaning: the King, encompassing all things in power and knowledge; for you, O you who oppose; "an example of a town"; from the towns of the past; which you know; like the town of Hud; or Salih; or Lut; or Shu'ayb - peace be upon them -; its state was like their state; and from Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with them - that it is Makkah; "was secure"; meaning: having security; its people are secure in a time of fear; "tranquil"; meaning: sometimes with its people; they do not need in it to migrate; and to move; due to the increase of security; by the abundance of numbers; and the strength of support; and Allah's restraining the people from it; and the existence of what its people need; "comes to it"; meaning: in a manner of renewal and continuity; "its provision abundant"; meaning: wide and good; "from every place"; land and sea; by the facilitation of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, for them that.
And when abundance often leads to arrogance; He, glorified and exalted is He, alerted to that with the conjunction; so He said, "So it disbelieved"; and He alerted - glorified is He - to the abundance of His grace by gathering the few; indicating that the abundance of His grace upon them is trivial in comparison to what is with Him - glorified and exalted is He -; so He said: "By the blessings of Allah"; meaning: the one who has all perfection; as you disbelieved; "So Allah made it taste"; meaning: the one who encompasses all things in power and knowledge; "the garment of hunger"; after the abundance of living; "and fear"; after security; and tranquility; until that became for them - encompassing them - a garment; and by the severity of their distress, a tasting; so it is as if the view to the borrowed was for him; and here it is more eloquent; for its indication of encompassing; and tasting; and if he had looked to the borrowed, he would have said: So He clothed it; and it would have missed the tasting; and that is as Kuthayyir looked at it, in his saying:
The flood of the cloak when he smiled laughing ∗∗∗ The necks of wealth were closed by his laughter.
He borrowed the cloak for the good; because it preserves the preservation of the cloak; for what is thrown upon it; and he described it with flooding; which is the description of good and giving; not the description of the cloak; which is borrowed; and if he had looked at it, he would have described it with abundance; or length; for example; as he looked at it who said - mentioning the sword with which a person protects himself -:
My cloak is contending with me, the servant of Amr ∗∗∗ Wait a moment, O brother of Bakr ibn Amr.
For me is the half that my right hand possesses ∗∗∗ And you take from it by half.
So he looked at the borrowed item; it is the cloak; in the wording of the trade; and the disgrace of Ibn al-Rawandi became apparent in his heresy; when he said to Ibn al-A'rabi: Is clothing tasted? He said to him: There is no harm, O you little man; suppose that Muhammad was not a prophet; was he not Arab? ﴿By what they were﴾; meaning: by their natures; ﴿They make﴾; of disbelief and arrogance; they have become accustomed to it by frequent practice; like training a person in his craft.
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