And when the evidence was, despite its clarity, somewhat ambiguous, the Exalted began to detail something of the signs in the earth that are clearer than that evidence, which is very apparent against the statement of the philosophers. He said: ﴿And in the earth﴾ meaning the one which you inhabit, you witness what is in it with a witnessing that does not accept doubt. ﴿Neighboring pieces﴾ so they are of a united area yet differing in nature, pleasant to marshy, and noble to meager, and solid to loose, and suitable for crops not for trees and vice versa. And with the arrangement of all in the earthly realm ﴿And gardens﴾ the plural of garden, which is the orchard that the trees bear. ﴿Of grapes﴾ and it is as if He has presented it because its varieties - witnessing that its Maker is indeed the Doer of what He wills - can hardly be counted, so much so that in the single origin, the diversity of the fruit occurs, and for that reason He gathered them.

And when the disparity of what its origin is grain is more astonishing, He said: ﴿And grain﴾ meaning (p-279) singularly - in the reading of Ibn Kathir and Abu Amr and Hafs from Asim with the raising, and in the gaps of the gardens - in the reading of the others with the lowering.

And when what He gathered is a single evident origin, He delayed His saying: ﴿And date palms, of which there are two kinds﴾ branches that are separate on a single origin ﴿and others that are not of two kinds﴾ considering the separation of their roots and origins; Abu Hayyan said: and the kind is the branch that is gathered with another single origin, and its origin is the example, and from it, it is said to the uncle: kind. And Al-Rummani said: and the kinds are those that are connected, it is said: he is the son of his brother [the kind of his father] meaning he is close to his father in his birth, and it is the plural of kind, and it is said: the kinds are the date palms whose origin is one - from Al-Bara' ibn Azib and Ibn Abbas and Mujahid and Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with them; and Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, said: the kinds are two date palms whose origin is one - it has ended.

And it is a composition with no difference between its dual and its plural except by breaking the noon without any tanween, and its inflection with tanween, and the secret of naming the vineyard with grapes will come in Yasin, if Allah the Exalted wills.

And when water is like the father and the earth is like the mother, and the difference with the unity of the father and the mother is more astonishing and indicative of the attribution to the Creator, the Cause, not to anything of the causes, He said: ﴿It is watered﴾ [Al-Ghashiyah: 5] meaning its one land entirely ﴿with one water﴾ so its branches and fruits emerge at a known time that does not delay or advance after the water rises in it upwards, contrary to its nature of descending. Then it disperses in each of the leaves, branches, and fruits according to its share of what is suitable for it. ﴿And We prefer﴾ meaning with what we have of greatness necessitating obedience ﴿some of it﴾ meaning some of those gardens and some of its trees ﴿over others﴾. And when the preference is over different aspects, between what is meant by His saying: ﴿in the food﴾ meaning the edible fruit, and it differs in the substance with the unity of the earth and some of the roots, and food is specified because it is the most prevalent means of benefit. It is a reminder of the difference of other aspects such as the fiber, the fronds, and the color for the edible, the taste, the nature, the shape, the smell, the benefit, and others, while the ratio of the natures and the celestial connections to all fruits is equal, especially when you see a single cluster where all its grains are sweet, ripe, and large except for one which is sour, small, and dry.

And when the intention in this context - as previously mentioned - is to detail what He indicated by its abundance with His saying: ﴿And how many a sign in the heavens and the earth﴾ [Yusuf: 105] the verse, He said: ﴿Indeed, in that﴾ meaning the great matter which has preceded ﴿are signs﴾ in the plural form, for it is in regard to its detail by conjunction a collection, even if it is in regard to the water singular. This is unlike what comes in the honey, for the speaker there is the water, and here what arises from it. So when the speaker differed, the discourse was according to him. The meaning is: clear indications that all of that is a single chosen act, knowing and capable of what He wills from the beginning of creation and then its diversification after its innovation. So He is capable of its return in the first manner.

And when this detailed one is clearer than that general one, it was of clarity in a manner that the observer does not need to consider it with anything other than reason. He said: ﴿for a people﴾ meaning those of strength in what they attempt ﴿who understand﴾, for it is not possible to express in the face of this indication except by saying: these lower events occurred without a creator. So it is said to the speaker: and you have no reason, for knowledge of the necessity of the event's need for a creator is essential. Thus, ignorance of the necessary entails ignorance.