Tafsir for verse: 12:84
وَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقَالَ يَٰٓأَسَفَىٰ عَلَىٰ يُوسُفَ وَٱبۡيَضَّتۡ عَيۡنَاهُ مِنَ ٱلۡحُزۡنِ فَهُوَ كَظِيمٞ ٨٤ ﴿84
84He turned away from them and said, “How sad I am about Yūsuf!” and his eyes turned white with sorrow and he was suppressing (his anger and grief).
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Commentary

'And he turned away' means he turned his face away from them due to the overwhelming sadness that had befallen him. He had reached a state of exhaustion, and there arose in him a gathering of sorrow upon sorrow from the grief he felt for what they brought and his turning towards the one to whom the matter is directed. 'And he said' complaining to Allah, no one else. This is an indication of the most intense expression and supplication: 'O my sorrow!' meaning, 'O my greatest sadness.' The 'alif' is a substitute for the 'ya' of possession to indicate that the sorrow has reached a limit that cannot be defined. The similarity of 'sorrow' with 'Yusuf' is unintentional, thus it reaches the peak of creativity. There are many such examples in the Qur'an. 'Upon Yusuf' this is your time which has filled me with you, so make me regret as I regret you. He specified it because he was the one who remained behind with his brothers, upon which what followed was built and branched out. 'And his eyes turned white' means that their blackness changed to a state of whiteness due to the abundance of weeping, and his sight became blind 'from the sorrow' which is the cause of the constant crying that is the cause of the whiteness. He mentioned the first cause. It is said: his sorrow reached the sorrow of seventy bereaved women, and he never had a bad thought about him at all. Then he explained that by saying: 'So he is' meaning, 'because of the sorrow' 'a suppressor' meaning, 'one who suppresses greatly due to being filled with distress, preventing himself from acting upon what that necessitates of foolishness by what Allah has granted him of knowledge and wisdom.' This is the most intense state for the soul and the strongest against sorrow. It is an active participle 'meaning the one who is acted upon,' and it is more expressive than the suppression of a container when it is tightened upon its fullness. The root of 'kadhama' revolves around the prevention from showing, which is necessitated by distress, for it is characteristic of that which is filled. It necessitates being filled, for what has been recorded does not have the power to appear. 'He suppressed his anger' means he remained silent after being filled with it, and 'the container suppressed' means when you fill it and seal it. 'The camel suppressed its reins' means it pulled them back and stopped. 'Kadhm' is the outlet of the soul, for by it one prevents running after his desires. 'Kadhama' is a strap used to tie the camel's snout to prevent it from what it wants. It is also connected to the string of the Arabic bow, then it is wound with the end of the upper shaft to prevent it from loosening. It is also a channel in the ground through which water flows, for it prevents the water from taking its course and rising at the source to appear on the surface of the earth. A breach through which water flows from one well to another, for it does not occur except when one of the wells is weaker. If it were not for it, the stronger one would overflow. Thus, it is a diversion of its water in a direction other than its own. 'Kadhama' of the scale is the nail upon which the tongue rotates, for it binds it and prevents it from coming apart. It is said: 'I have been suppressing all day,' meaning holding back from eating while I am filled with hunger. It may also refer to the source itself, and from it is 'Kadhimah' - a village on the shore of the sea, for the sea has suppressed it from spreading, and likewise, it has prevented it from flowing.

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