Commentary
And when there was in this a sign of the nobility of chastity that indicates the perfection of protection, and He confirmed it, the Most High, with what indicates the exaltation of His beauty and the elevation of His grace, because the custom has been that this was part of someone who was likely to incline towards it, to provide the motives for inclination towards it. So He, the Most High, said: ﴿And the women said﴾ meaning a group of women because the news had spread; and as the town grew larger, its people became more rational and closer to wisdom. He said: ﴿in the city﴾ meaning the one in which the wife of the Aziz resides. ﴿the wife of the Aziz﴾ So they attributed it to her husband intending to spread the news, because the soul is more inclined to hear the news of those who are in danger; and the Aziz is the one who is secure by his power from being wronged. So, honor is more specific than absolute power. And they expressed it in the present tense in ﴿She seeks to seduce her servant﴾ meaning her slave, descending from the intimacy of the Aziz to the intimacy of him ﴿from herself﴾ to imply that persistence in seduction has become for her like a natural disposition; and the young man is the youth, and Al-Rummani specified him as the strong one. He said: And Al-Zajjaj said: They used to call the owned one a young man, whether he was an old man or a youth. So there is a shared meaning in this. ﴿He has certainly captivated her﴾ that young man ﴿with love﴾ meaning from the aspect of love. Al-Rummani said: The shaghaf of the heart is its covering, and it is a skin over it. It is said: Love has entered the skin until it reached the heart, according to Al-Suddi, Abu Ubaidah, and Al-Hasan, that it is the inner part of the heart, and according to [Abu -] Ali: the middle of the heart - it has ended. And what was said in general and otherwise is that it is the covering of the heart, and better than the interpretation of Abu Ubaidah is that his love has become shaghaf for her, meaning a veil, meaning a surrounding envelope for her. As for 'sha'fuh' - with the omitted letter, its meaning is: it covered the shafah of her heart, which is its head at the point of attachment of the strings. Al-Rummani said: meaning it took her in every direction, from the shaf of the mountains, which are their peaks.
And when that was said, it was as if it had been said: So what happened? And it was said - and it was confirmed that whoever saw him excused her and concluded that if they had been in her place, they would have acted as she did and would not have misled her action -: ﴿Indeed, we see her﴾ meaning we know her matter with knowledge that is like sight ﴿in error﴾ meaning surrounding her ﴿clear﴾ for her satisfaction with herself after the honor of leadership by descending from the rank of a servant.
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