Commentary
And when the Exalted informed Yusuf about what He intends for Yusuf, blessings and peace be upon him, by concluding with the news of His power, He followed it with the indication of bringing that action as a sign of the completeness of power and the comprehensiveness of knowledge. He said: ﴿And when he reached maturity﴾, meaning the gathering of his strengths. ﴿We gave him﴾, meaning by Our greatness, ﴿judgment﴾, meaning prophethood or kingship, by which he restrains the soul from its desires, from the wisdom of the Persians. So he does not say or do anything except a matter that wisdom calls for; Al-Rummani said: The essence of judgment is clarifying what the evidence testifies to, because the evidence is a wisdom since it leads to knowledge. ﴿And knowledge﴾, meaning clarification of the thing as it is, as a reward for it, because he is one who does good. ﴿And likewise﴾, meaning and such a reward that We rewarded him with, ﴿We reward the doers of good﴾, meaning those who are deeply rooted in all goodness, whose leader is Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, who was taken on a night journey and elevated to a rank that no one else has been elevated to. And about goodness: whoever does the worship of Allah in his youth, Allah gives him wisdom in his old age. And the maturity is the completeness of strength, and it is the plural of shiddah according to Sibawayh, like ni'mah and an'um. Others said: it is the plural of shadd. Ibn Faris said in Al-Mujmal: Some say there is no singular for it, and it is said: the singular is shadd - it has ended. [It is said -]: And this is the analogy towards dab and adabb, and saqq and asaq, and hazz and ahazz, and dhurr and adharr, and sharr and ashar. Al-Rummani said: The poet said: Has the evil increased as the evil has multiplied and the war of kings has destroyed many of the wealth? It has ended. They differed in the definition of maturity, so it was said: it is from the age of reason, and it was narrated from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, that it is from twenty years, and other than that was narrated. The material revolves around difficulty, which is the opposite of ease, and it necessitates strength. So the shadd is upon the enemy from it, and to shadd the rope and others: I tighten it, and the strong and the strict: the miser - due to the difficulty of giving for him. And the shiddah: the difficulty of time, and the shadd of the day: its height, and it is its strength. And I strengthened so-and-so: I empowered his hand and arranged his affair. And the strongest of the people - if their beasts are strong, they are mushiddun against the weak.
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