(p-312) Surah An-Nasr

And it is called 'The Farewell'.

Its purpose is to inform about the completion of the necessary religion, which is indicated by the meaning of its name, An-Nasr (The Victory), which is necessitated by the death of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him. This necessitates the knowledge that he did not come into the world of existence and corruption except to elevate the word of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, and to refute the word of Satan - may the curse of Allah be upon him. This also necessitates that he (blessings and peace be upon him) is the essence of existence, and the greatest servant of the Loving Guardian. The name 'The Farewell' also indicates this, and the occasion of its revelation was during the days of Tashriq in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage. 'In the name of Allah' to whom belongs all command, for He is the All-Knowing, the All-Wise. 'The Most Gracious' who sent you as a mercy to the worlds, thus encompassing them after the blessing of existence by clarifying for them the establishment of their livelihoods and their afterlife through you as the path of salvation in the utmost clarity, by what He has revealed to you of the miraculous Qur'an, which whoever hears it is as if he has heard it from the Most High, the Most Great. 'The Most Merciful' who has chosen whom He wills to draw near to Him and made him among the people of His proximity by adhering to the straight path.

* *(p-313) Because the previous verse indicated that the disbelievers have reached a state that holds no significance for them, nor is there any attention or fear from them as long as the situation remains one of abandonment, it was as if it was said: Will there be victory over them and triumph against them in battle? So He answered with this surah as a glad tidings for the believers and a warning for the disbelievers. However, since this did not occur in action except in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage, two years after the conquest of Mecca, it was as if the conquest did not settle except at that time. Therefore, Allah, glorified and exalted is He, did not reveal this surah except at that time and before His returning from the battle of Hunayn. He said, glorified and exalted is He, affirming that He supports the oppressed and elevates His religion, and He gives respite and does not neglect, for nothing can overpower Him. This is an encouragement to entrust matters to Him and to rely upon Him, with 'Subhan' being placed first to hasten the glad tidings: 'When'.

And since the decrees are directed from eternity to their appointed times, they are driven towards them by the driver of power, approaching them gradually. It is as if they are coming to them, and for this reason, the metaphor of coming was used instead of occurrence, thus it was said: 'Came', meaning it settled and established in the future with the coming of its appointed time determined for it from eternity. And it was further magnified by addition, then by being the name of the essence, thus it was said: 'The Victory of Allah', meaning the Greatest King who has no equal and no command for anyone alongside Him over all people in every matter He wills.

And when victory has degrees, and He, glorified and exalted is He, has pointed to it with the absolute addition, then by it being to the Greatest Name, until the intended meaning is its highest, He made it clear by saying: "And victory" meaning the absolute that is suitable for every victory, which was revealed in it its chapter at Al-Hudaybiyah, announcing to him the triumph of his party, of which you are their leader, guide, and mentor, especially over Mecca, where his house is, and from which his religion emerged, and where his origin was, and in which his pillar was established, and his soldiers were honored. Thus, all the Arabs were humbled by that, and they said: 'We have no strength against whom Allah has granted victory over the people of the Sacred House.' They were honored by this humiliation until some of them completed this victory, and through them, all would be the victory of all lands. And to indicate the triumph over all nations, He, the Exalted, conveyed it in the style of condition, and to affirm it, He expressed it with "if," informing that He does not break the promise nor diminish what He has decreed, even if minds imagined that its time had passed. And it indicates that hearts are in His hand; He turns them as He wills, so that for those who know this, there is sincerity, fear, and hope. The expression indicated that the time has drawn near, so the meaning was: 'So be on the lookout for its arrival and be prepared to thank Him.'

And Imam Abu Ja'far ibn Al-Zubayr said: When his religion was completed, and his Sharia became clear, and his matter was established, blessings and peace be upon him, and he fulfilled the trust of his message as it should be fulfilled, he recognized that his lifespan was coming to an end and his appointed time was concluding. A sign was made for him regarding the entry of people into the religion of Allah in groups after hesitation and reluctance: "A profound wisdom; so what good are warnings?" [Qamar: 5] "And if Allah had willed, He would have gathered them upon guidance." [An'am: 35]

And he commanded to increase the prescribed seeking of forgiveness after gatherings and at the ends of the day and the conclusions of the moments, from what may be mixed with idle talk or slackness. So, glorified and exalted is He, He legislated seeking forgiveness to safeguard His servants from the preservation of their conditions and the care of their times, what suffices for their high rewards, as He promised them: "And the word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and justice; there is no changing His words" [Al-An'am: 115]. And this great surah has elaborated what it indicated in other than this. And it is known that Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, understood from it that the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was informed of his noble soul's departure to his Lord and that his appointed time was near. And he also indicated this purpose further than the reality in this surah by His saying, "This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have chosen for you Islam as religion" [Al-Ma'idah: 3]. And the Surah of Bara'ah and his actions, blessings and peace be upon him, during the Farewell Pilgrimage, but we have not received any indication from any of the companions, may Allah be pleased with them, regarding the specification of the matter except from this surah. And it has been known by the indication of Bara'ah and the verse of Al-Ma'idah as a sufficient identification. The people sensed it during the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage and when Bara'ah was revealed, but they were not certain of it and their hope prevailed in his life, blessings and peace be upon him, and among them were those who passed away. So when the verse "When comes the help of Allah and the victory" was revealed, Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, was certain of it, a certainty that led him to weep when the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, recited it.