Commentary
And when the story of 'Aad concluded as He intended, glorified is He, He followed it with the story of those who came after them in time and like them in inhabiting the land of the Arabs and the worship of idols. The relevance in the matter that they were punished by is that the means of conveying the cry to the ears is the wind, and in the concealment of their affair, detailed for the people of that time. He said: "And to" meaning: And indeed, We sent to "Thamud their brother" and clarified it by saying: "Salih." Then he presented the words of the Prophet ﷺ as if responding to a question, saying: "He said, O my people," meaning: O those whom it pains me to see them suffer. "Worship Allah" meaning: the Greatest King alone, for your worship of Him alongside others is of no value. Then he resumed the explanation of that, saying: "What is [the matter] with you"? He intensified the negation, saying: "of a god other than Him," following the methodology of the callers to Allah in the essence of religion, which is the singularity of the Benefactor in worship.
And when he commanded them with that, he reminded them of His power and grace, encouraging and warning them, saying: "He is" meaning: alone "who created you" meaning: He began your creation "from the earth" by creating Adam, peace be upon him, from it without any intermediary, and by creating you from the sperm [from blood], which is from nourishment, which is from plants, which is from the earth, just as He created your idols from it. And He raised your status upon it by making you "inhabitants" meaning: He qualified you for what the idols were not qualified for, that you may be inhabitants "in it." So do not forget the right of your God and what He has favored you with from the right of your own selves by your submission to that which is not equal to you. So how about the One who created you and it? And creation is: the beginning of existence without reliance on anything from causes.
And when He made clear to them, glorified is He, His greatness, and the devil had misled them, for due to His greatness, He cannot be reached by means, as is the case with kings. And he cast to them that the idols are means. He denied that, clarifying the way to return to Him by saying: "So seek forgiveness from Him" meaning: So turn to Him with all your hearts, seeking that He cover your sins. And he mentioned the condition for forgiveness by saying, pointing with the tool of distance to the one of great status: "Then repent to Him" meaning: return with all your hearts "to Him." Then he explained that with His kindness and compassion, encouraging them to turn to Him, saying, emphasizing that whoever sees His forbearance towards the sinners may think ill, and whoever disobeys Him, his deeds are the deeds of one who denies his closeness and response: "Indeed, my Lord" who I have devoted worship to for His kindness towards me, and I call you to sincerity towards Him for His kindness towards you. "Is near" to everyone who turns to Him without needing to struggle in movement or any harmful action. "Responsive" to everyone who calls upon Him, unlike your deities in both matters.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Hud verse 61