And this is as when Musa, blessings and peace be upon him, came to Fir'aun and called him to Allah. He denied him and informed him that he had a sign that would confirm him. He said to him: If you have come with a sign, then bring it if you are among the truthful. When he brought it to him, he continued to deny him. Whenever he saw a sign, he increased in denial. Fir'aun had strengthened his kingdom, and his authority had grown, and he was arrogant in his pride and prolonged his tyranny over the weak. His wealth and traces were obliterated, and his stories and news remained. For this reason, Allah, glorified and exalted is He, made clear his story and said: [indicating the nature of it]: 'Then We sent' meaning: And after a long time of destroying them, We sent. And due to the lack of the duration of the distance, He included the conjunction and said: 'after them' meaning: after those messengers. And thus We sent 'Harun' as support for him because the agreement of two is stronger for what they decide and more confirmed for what they mention. And when it was established in the minds, as has passed, that the habit of nations is to deny one who is among them out of envy and rivalry against him. It might be thought that if the messenger came to a people other than his own, the matter would be different. So it clarified that the situation is the same for the near and the far. He said, prefacing his words: 'to Fir'aun and his nobles' meaning: the dignitaries of his people, for the common people are subordinate to them. 'With Our signs' [meaning] those whose greatness cannot be comprehended due to their relation to Us. So We sealed their hearts. 'And they were' meaning: by nature and disposition 'a people of criminals' meaning: their nature is to cut off what ought to be connected and to connect what ought to be cut off. For this reason, they dared to be arrogant despite what was also in it of strong relevance to what preceded from the words of the disbelievers: 'This is clear magic' in relation to Musa, blessings and peace be upon him, and the clarification of the reality of magic in its disappearance and the failure of its practitioners to corrupt it, among other secrets that are subtle beyond thoughts. This is in addition to what is relevant to the destruction of the Copts and the people of Nuh by the sign of drowning, and that the sighting of the signs and witnessing of the clear indications did not benefit either of the two groups. Rather, only a few from his people believed in Musa after those magnificent miracles and clear proofs. Then Fir'aun pursued them after their bonds had been loosened from his imprisonment, and his power had diminished from his tyranny. He witnessed from the strikes what could shake mountains, and he entered the sea in pursuit of them with waves that the heroes could not approach its shores, due to what the Lord of Glory had decreed upon him. And he did not believe until the punishment came to him where belief in the unseen, which is a condition of faith, would be too late. So his faith did not benefit him despite his striving in it and his repetition of missing its condition in response to the call of Musa, blessings and peace be upon him. Then indeed, the Children of Israel were before the coming of Musa, blessings and peace be upon him, upon one path. They did not differ except after knowledge came to them and the path was made clear to them. For this purpose, Harun, blessings and peace be upon him, was mentioned here because one of the greatest objectives of the surah is to prevent the demand for signs from one who considers faith to be contingent upon their coming, indicating that the statement from the two is more confirmed. And despite that, he did not believe who the All-Powerful decreed to be wretched. All of this is an encouragement to be content and submit, and to entrust the matter to the Wise Lord. For whatever He commands is accepted, and whatever He turns away from is left without question in hopes of managing it with the best management and determining it with the gentlest determinations.