Tafsir for verse: 10:39
بَلۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحِيطُواْ بِعِلۡمِهِۦ وَلَمَّا يَأۡتِهِمۡ تَأۡوِيلُهُۥۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۖ فَٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٣٩ ﴿39
39But they have rejected a thing they could not comprehend with knowledge, while its ultimate end has not appeared to them as yet. Similarly those who passed before them had rejected the truth. So, look how was the fate of the unjust.
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Commentary

Then it was as if it was said: He said to them that, so they did not come to their people with a semblance that would cause doubt, let alone a confirmation, because it is miraculous due to its being words in the highest levels of eloquence, with good structure and clarity, revealed from Allah, the All-Encompassing in knowledge and power. It encompasses every meaning above every elevation beyond what is comparable. And better than that is that when He established the proof that the Qur'an is His words, the proof is only to be established against one who presents to him an error or a semblance. Their saying: 'He fabricated it' is not based on a semblance, but rather it is mere obstinacy. He, glorified and exalted is He, alerted to that and to the fact that He only established the proof to reveal their obstinacy, not because they had a semblance regarding its being true, by negating their saying. So He said: 'Rather,' meaning: they did not say 'He fabricated it' out of a belief from them in that, but rather they 'denied' it, meaning: they committed the denial which there is no denial more heinous than it, hastening in that without understanding it, disregarding 'what they did not encompass in knowledge of it,' meaning: in its structure or its meaning without any semblance at all, but rather out of obstinacy, tyranny, and aversion to what contradicts their religion and rebellion. It is from the category of 'whoever is ignorant of something, he opposes it.' And the encompassing is the desire for what is like a wall around a thing, so the encompassing of knowledge of a thing is knowledge of it from all its aspects.

And when it was inevitable that its interpretation would occur, which is bringing what is in it from the news of the unseen as they are, He said: 'And when the interpretation comes to them,' meaning: at the time of their denial, 'its interpretation,' meaning: our returning to its news to its references and goals until they know whether it is true or false. For it is miraculous from the aspect of its structure and from the aspect of its truthfulness in its news; and the interpretation is the meaning to which the explanation leads, and it is the ultimate clarification of the implication.

And when it was as if it was said: Their action is indeed astonishing, so what led them to persist in it? It was said: They followed in that those before them due to their agreement with them in bad nature. He said, warning them and comforting him, blessings and peace be upon him: 'Thus,' meaning: like their denying this great denial in its heinousness before the planning of the miraculous, 'denied those before them.' And when the deniers were some of the past, He affirmed the connection and said: 'from before them,' meaning: from the disbelievers of the previous nations, so they wronged and We destroyed them for their wrongdoing. And when denial is a danger for what it stirs of joy, it caused a warning from it - to look at the outcome of its matter - so He said: 'So look,' meaning: with your eyes at their dwellings and with your heart at their news.

And when one who looks at this perspective finds in it a most significant consideration and a highest admonition, he directs the question to it by saying: "How was the end of the wrongdoers?" meaning: the last of the matter of the wrongdoers, those whose feet have firmly established themselves in placing things in their improper places until they denied the one for whom lying is not permissible in any way. It is certain that this one being asked says without hesitation or doubt: a terrible and crushing end; and the end is a cause that leads to it from the beginning. Thus, what led to their destruction by the torment of annihilation was what preceded of their wrongdoing against themselves and their arrogance in their disbelief.

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