Commentary
Meccan, and its verses are 8 [Revealed after Al-Burooj] 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful'.
He swears by them because they are remarkable among the types of fruit-bearing trees. It has been narrated that he presented to the Messenger of Allah blessings and peace be upon him a plate of figs, and he ate from it and said to his companions: "Eat, for if I were to say that a fruit has descended from Paradise, I would say this, because the fruits of Paradise are without seeds. So eat them, for they cut hemorrhoids and are beneficial for gout." [[Narrated by Abu Nu'aym in Al-Tibb. And Al-Thalabi from the hadith of Abu Dharr. In its chain is someone unknown.]] And Mu'adh ibn Jabal passed by an olive tree, took a stick from it, and used it for siwak, saying: "I heard the Messenger of Allah blessings and peace be upon him say, 'Indeed, the siwak of the olive tree is from the blessed tree; it purifies the mouth and removes bad breath.' [[Narrated by Al-Tabarani in Al-Awsat and Al-Thalabi from the hadith of Mu'adh ibn Jabal, and its chain is weak.]]" And I heard him say, "It is my siwak and the siwak of the prophets before me." And from Ibn Abbas may Allah be pleased with him: "It is your fig and your olive." It was said: Two mountains from the sacred land, which are called in Syriac: Tour Tina and Tour Zita, because they are the sources of figs and olives. It was said that "the fig" refers to the mountains between Halwan and Hamdan. And "the olive" refers to the mountains of the Levant, because they are its sources, as if it were said: And the sources of figs and olives. And the mountain (Tour) is added to Sinain: which is the place. And similar to Sinan: Yabrun, in the permissibility of inflection with waw and ya, and the acknowledgment of ya, and the movement of the noon with the movements of inflection. And for the land: Mecca, may Allah protect it. And the trustworthy: from the one who secures a trust, he is trustworthy. And it was said: security, as it was said: honorable in honorable. And his trustworthiness: that he preserves what enters him as the trustworthy preserves what he is entrusted with. And it may be that it is a form meaning the one who is acted upon, from the one who is secured because he is safe from harm, as he is described with safety in His saying: 'A secure sanctuary' meaning: one of safety. And I mean by swearing by these things.
The clarification of the nobility of the blessed lands and what has appeared in them of goodness and blessings by the dwelling of the prophets and the righteous. The source of figs and olives is the migration of Ibrahim and the birth of 'Isa and his upbringing. And the mountain (Tour) is the place from which Musa was called. And Mecca is the place of the House, which is guidance for the worlds, and the birth of the Messenger of Allah blessings and peace be upon him and his mission in the best of forms, in the best adjustment of his shape and image and the arrangement of his limbs. Then the consequence of his matter, when he did not thank the blessing of that good, upright, and sound creation: was that We returned him to the lowest of the low in creation and composition, meaning: uglier than the ugliness of the image and more deformed in creation, and they are the companions of the Fire or the lowest of the low among the people of the depths. Or then We returned him after that adjustment and improvement to the lowest of the low in the beauty of the image and shape: where We distorted him in his creation, so his back became curved after being upright, and his hair turned white after being black, and his skin became wrinkled, and all his hearing and sight became weak, and everything about him changed: his walking became slow, and his voice became faint, and his strength became weak, and his bravery became fear.
The lowest of the low. If you say: How is the exception according to the two opinions? I say: It is, in the first opinion, a connected exception that is clearly connected, and in the second, it is disconnected. It means: But those who were righteous from the elderly will have a reward that is everlasting and unbroken for their obedience and their patience in the test of Allah with old age and frailty, and for enduring hardships and performing acts of worship despite their weakness in rising. If you say: What makes you a liar among those addressed? I say: It is a speech to humans in the manner of turning away, meaning: What makes you a liar because of the religion and its denial after this proof? It means you are lying if you deny the recompense, because every denier of the truth is a liar. So what compels you to be a liar due to denying the recompense? The 'b' is similar to that in the saying of Allah, the Exalted: 'Those who take him as a protector and those who are polytheists in him.' The meaning is that the creation of man from a drop, and his formation as a sound human, and his progression through stages of increase until he is complete and upright, then his decline until he reaches the lowest age: you do not see a clearer proof of the Creator's power than this. And whoever has the ability to create man in all of this: is not incapable of resurrecting him. So what is the reason for your denial, O human, of the recompense after this decisive proof? It is said: The address is to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him. 'Is not Allah the Best of Judges?' This is a threat to the disbelievers, and He judges them according to what they deserve. And it is reported from the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, that when he recited it, he said: 'Indeed, I am among the witnesses to that.' [Narrated by Al-Hakim from Abu Huraira with the preceding chain in the Day of Resurrection, and Al-Tabari narrated it from the narration of Sa'id from Qatadah who mentioned it.] From the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him: 'Whoever recites Surah At-Tin, Allah grants him two qualities: health and certainty as long as he is in this world, and when he dies, Allah grants him a reward equal to the number of those who recite this Surah.' [Narrated by Al-Thalabi, Al-Wahidi, and Ibn Mardawayh with their chains to Abu ibn Ka'b.]
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