Tafsir for verse: 9:97
ٱلۡأَعۡرَابُ أَشَدُّ كُفۡرٗا وَنِفَاقٗا وَأَجۡدَرُ أَلَّا يَعۡلَمُواْ حُدُودَ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ٩٧ ﴿97
97The Bedouins are often more strict in disbelief and hypocrisy, and are most likely to be ignorant of the limits of what Allah has sent down to His Messenger. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
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Commentary

The Bedouins are more severe in disbelief and hypocrisy than the people of the towns due to their harshness, cruelty, and wildness. They grow up far from witnessing scholars and knowing the Book and the Sunnah. They are more deserving of not knowing and more entitled to ignorance of the limits of this world and what Allah has revealed of laws and rulings. From this is his saying, blessings and peace be upon him, "And indeed, harshness and hardness of hearts are among the Bedouins at the roots of the tails of camels." This is as reported by al-Bukhari, and for Muslim, "Indeed, harshness and hardness of hearts." "Indeed, harshness and cruelty are among the Bedouins." The term "Bedouins" refers to those whose voices are raised in their farming and livestock. A Bedouin man is one who is severe in his voice, as indicated by the dictionaries. And Allah is All-Knowing, knowing the condition of every individual among the dwellers of tents and the dwellers of the earth. He is Wise in what He inflicts upon the wrongdoers and the good-doers, the errant and the correct, in terms of His punishment and reward.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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