Tafsir for verses: 9:86, 9:87, 9:88, 9:89
وَإِذَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٌ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَجَٰهِدُواْ مَعَ رَسُولِهِ ٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنَكَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلطَّوۡلِ مِنۡهُمۡ وَقَالُواْ ذَرۡنَا نَكُن مَّعَ ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ ٨٦ ﴿86﴾ رَضُواْ بِأَن يَكُونُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡخَوَالِفِ وَطُبِعَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَفۡقَهُونَ ٨٧ ﴿87﴾ لَٰكِنِ ٱلرَّسُولُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُۥ جَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمُ ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتُۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٨٨ ﴿88﴾ أَعَدَّ ٱللَّهُ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ٨٩ ﴿89﴾
86When a Sūrah is revealed (saying), “Believe in Allah and carry out Jihād in the company of His Messenger” the capable ones from them seek your permission and say, “Let us remain with those sitting back.” 87They are happy to be with women who sit back, and their hearts are sealed; so they do not understand. 88But the Messenger and the believers in his company have carried out Jihād with their wealth and lives, and for them there are the good things, and they are the successful. 89Allah has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow where they will live forever. That is the supreme achievement.
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Commentary

It is permissible that the surah is meant in its entirety, and that part of it is meant in the saying وَإِذا أُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ, just as the Qur'an and the Book can refer to all of it or to some of it. It was said that it is [Surah] Al-Bara'ah, because it contains the command to believe and to strive. The saying أَنْ آمِنُوا means that those of means, the virtuous and the ample, are those who have a long duration. Those who have an excuse for remaining behind do not comprehend what there is in striving of victory and happiness, and what there is in remaining behind of misery and destruction. But the Messenger, meaning that if these ones remain behind, then those who are better than them and more sincere in intention and belief have risen to fight. As in the saying, فَإِنْ يَكْفُرْ بِها هؤُلاءِ فَقَدْ وَكَّلْنا بِها قَوْمًا. If they are arrogant, then those who are with your Lord. The good things encompass the benefits of both abodes due to the generality of the wording. It was said: the houris, due to the saying فِيهِنَّ خَيْراتٌ.

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