Tafsir for verse: 9:74
يَحۡلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ مَا قَالُواْ وَلَقَدۡ قَالُواْ كَلِمَةَ ٱلۡكُفۡرِ وَكَفَرُواْ بَعۡدَ إِسۡلَٰمِهِمۡ وَهَمُّواْ بِمَا لَمۡ يَنَالُواْۚ وَمَا نَقَمُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَنۡ أَغۡنَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦۚ فَإِن يَتُوبُواْ يَكُ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۡۖ وَإِن يَتَوَلَّوۡاْ يُعَذِّبۡهُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَذَابًا أَلِيمٗا فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَمَا لَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مِن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا نَصِيرٖ ٧٤ ﴿74
74They swear by Allah that they said nothing, while indeed, they had said the word of infidelity and had disbelieved after having accepted Islam, and had intended what they could not achieve. And they have reacted for nothing but that Allah and His Messenger have enriched them with His grace.So, if they repent, it will be good for them, and if they turn away, Allah will chastise them with a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter, and for them there is neither a friend on the Earth, nor a helper.
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Commentary

The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, stayed in the Battle of Tabuk for two months, during which the Qur'an was revealed to him. He criticized the hypocrites who stayed behind, and those with him heard him, including Al-Jalās ibn Suwayd. Al-Jalās said: 'By Allah, if what Muhammad says is true about our brothers whom we left behind, and they are our leaders and nobles, then we are worse than donkeys.' So, ʿĀmir ibn Qays Al-Anṣārī said to Al-Jalās: 'Yes, by Allah, Muhammad is truthful, and you are worse than a donkey.' This reached the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, who summoned them and swore by Allah that he did not say that. ʿĀmir raised his hand and said: 'O Allah, send down upon Your servant and Your Prophet the confirmation of the liar and the denial of the truthful.' It was then revealed: 'They swear by Allah that they did not say it.' Al-Jalās said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Allah has offered me repentance. By Allah, I said it, and ʿĀmir spoke the truth.' So Al-Jalās repented and was good. They disbelieved after their Islam and revealed their disbelief after professing Islam, and they intended what they could not achieve, which was to attack the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, during his return from Tabuk. Fifteen of them conspired to push him off his mount into the valley when he climbed the hill at night. ʿAmmār ibn Yāsir was holding the reins of his mount, leading it, while Ḥudhayfah was behind it, driving it. While they were in this state, Ḥudhayfah heard the sound of the camel's hooves and the clanking of weapons. He turned and saw a group of them veiled. He said: 'Come here, come here, O enemies of Allah.' It was narrated by Aḥmad from the hadith of Abū al-Ṭufayl who said: 'When the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, returned from the Battle of Tabuk, he commanded a caller to announce:

So it reached the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, and he shouted at them, and they turned to flee. And it is said that the hypocrites intended to kill Amir for his response to Al-Julas. And it is said that they wanted to crown Abdullah ibn Ubayy even if the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was not pleased. And they did not resent or deny or criticize except that Allah had enriched them. This is because when the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, came to Medina, they were in hardship and could not ride horses nor obtain spoils of war. So they were affected by the spoils, and Al-Julas's freedman was killed. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, ordered his blood money to be twelve thousand, and he became self-sufficient. If they repent, this is the verse by which Al-Julas repented in this world and the Hereafter through killing and fire.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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