Tafsir for verse: 9:31
ٱتَّخَذُوٓاْ أَحۡبَارَهُمۡ وَرُهۡبَٰنَهُمۡ أَرۡبَابٗا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡمَسِيحَ ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ وَمَآ أُمِرُوٓاْ إِلَّا لِيَعۡبُدُوٓاْ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدٗاۖ لَّآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣١ ﴿31
31They have taken their rabbis and their monks as gods beside Allah, and also (they have taken) MasīH the son of Maryam (as god). And they were not commanded but to worship only One God. There is no god but He. Pure is He from what they associate with Him.
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Commentary

Taking them as lords: that they obeyed them in commanding sins and declaring what Allah has forbidden to be lawful and what He has made lawful to be forbidden, just as lords are obeyed in their commands. And similarly, the followers of Satan are called in what he whispers: his worshippers. Indeed, they used to worship the jinn. O my father, do not worship Satan. And from 'Adi ibn Hatim, may Allah be pleased with him: I came to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, and I had a gold cross around my neck. He said: "Do they not forbid what Allah has made lawful and you forbid it, and allow what He has made unlawful and you allow it?" I said: Yes. He said: "That is their worship." [The narration is from Al-Waqidi through 'Amir ibn Sa'd from 'Adi ibn Hatim, and it has been reported by Ibn Mardawayh from another source from 'Ata' ibn Yasir from 'Adi ibn Hatim, and it has been narrated by Al-Tirmidhi through Mus'ab ibn Sa'd from 'Adi ibn Hatim with this and more, except for his saying: "That is their worship." He said it is good and strange; we do not know it except from the hadith of 'Abd al-Salam ibn Harb from 'Atif ibn A'in, and 'Atif is not well-known. It has been reported by Ibn Abi Shaybah, Al-Tabarani, Al-Tabari, and Abu Ya'la from this chain, and Al-Bayhaqi has narrated it in Al-Madkhal as well, adding: "That is their worship."]. And from Fudayl, may Allah be pleased with him: I do not care whether I obey a creature in disobedience to the Creator, or pray to a direction other than the Qiblah. As for the Messiah, when they made him the son of Allah, they made him worthy of worship. Do you not see his saying: "Say: If the Most Merciful has a son, then I am the first of the worshippers." And they were not commanded except to worship one God; they were commanded by the evidence of reason and the texts in the Gospel. And the Messiah, peace be upon him, said: Whoever associates partners with Allah, Allah has forbidden paradise for him. Glorified is He, distancing Him from associating partners with Him, and making it unlikely. It may be that the pronoun in "And they were not commanded" refers to those who take lords, meaning: And these who are lords to them were not commanded except to worship Allah and to make Him one. So how can they be lords when they are commanded and enslaved like them?

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