Commentary
Allah sets forth their reward in Paradise for their sacrifice of themselves and their wealth in His cause by which. It is narrated: He traded with them and raised the price for them. And from Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, he made for them both transactions. And from Al-Hasan, the souls are His creation and the wealth is His provision. It is narrated that when the Ansar pledged allegiance to him at Al-Aqabah, Abdullah bin Rawahah said: 'Set conditions for your Lord and for yourself as you wish.' It was narrated by Al-Tabari from the path of Abu Ma'shar from Muhammad bin Kab Al-Qurazi and others, who said: 'When the Ansar pledged allegiance on the night of Al-Aqabah - and he mentioned it.' He said: 'I set as a condition for my Lord that you worship Him and do not associate anything with Him, and I set as a condition for myself that you protect me from what you protect yourselves from.' He said: 'If we do that, what will we have?' He said: 'Paradise.' They said: 'A profitable trade, we will not retract nor will we be retracted.' And a Bedouin passed by the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, while he was reciting it and said: 'Whose words are these?' He said: 'The words of Allah.' He said: 'By Allah, this is a profitable trade, we will not retract nor will we be retracted,' and he went out to fight and was martyred. It was mentioned by Al-Thalabi like this without a chain from Al-Basri, but his chain to Al-Hasan Al-Basri is the first of his book. I say: It was narrated by Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Mardawayh from the path of Abu Shaiba from Ata Al-Khurasani from Jabir: 'This verse was revealed to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, while he was in the mosque. Indeed, Allah has purchased, and the people in the mosque proclaimed Takbir. A man from the Ansar approached and said: 'Was this verse revealed?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'A profitable trade. We will not retract nor will we be retracted.' And it was narrated by Abdul bin Hamid: 'Ibrahim, he is Ibn Abdul Hakim bin Aban, narrated from his father from Ikrimah: 'When this verse was revealed, indeed, Allah has purchased... a man from the Ansar said: 'What a pledge! How profitable it is. By Allah, we will not retract nor will we be retracted.' And it was narrated by Al-Tabari from the path of Muhammad bin Kab and others who said: Abdullah bin Rawahah said to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him: 'Set conditions for your Lord and for yourself as you wish.' He said: 'I set as a condition for my Lord that you worship Him and do not associate anything with Him. And I set as a condition for myself that you protect me from what you protect yourselves and your wealth from.' They said: 'If we do that, what will we have?' He said: 'Paradise.' They said: 'A profitable trade, we will not retract nor will we be retracted.' They fight in it, meaning the command, as in His saying: 'You strive in the way of Allah with your wealth and your souls.' And it was read: 'they kill and are killed,' with the first being for the doer and the second for the object, and vice versa. A promise, a source of confirmation. He informed that this promise which He promised to the fighters in His cause is a promise that is established, which He has established in the Torah and the Gospel as He has established it in the Qur'an. Then He said: 'And who is more faithful to His covenant than Allah?' Because breaking a promise is ugly, and the noble among creation do not commit it despite its permissibility for them due to their need. So how about the Rich who does not allow for ugliness at all? You do not see a more compelling encouragement for jihad than this.
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