Commentary
It was recited: 'He established his building,' and 'He established his building,' in the form of the doer and the object. And 'He established his building' is the plural of 'foundation.'
In the genitive case, 'the foundation of his building,' with an open and a closed vowel: it is the plural of 'base,' and 'the foundation of his building' in the form of 'fa'al,' is also the plural of 'base.' And 'the base of his building.' The meaning is: Is he who established the building of his religion, as in the hadith, 'Islam is built upon five,' on a strong and firm foundation, which is the truth that is the piety of Allah and His pleasure, better or is he who established it on a foundation that is the weakest of foundations, the loosest and least lasting, which is falsehood and hypocrisy, whose example is like the edge of a crumbling cliff in its lack of stability and steadfastness? The edge of the cliff is placed in contrast to piety because it serves as a metaphor for what contradicts piety.
If you say: What is the meaning of His saying: 'and it collapsed with him into the Fire of Hell'? I say: Since the crumbling cliff is a metaphor for falsehood, it was said: 'and it collapsed with him into the Fire of Hell,' meaning: falsehood fell with him into the Fire of Hell. However, the metaphor was emphasized by using the term 'collapse,' which is for the cliff, to illustrate that the false one has established a building on the edge of a cliff from the valleys of Hell, and that cliff collapsed with him, causing him to fall into its depths. The edge is the side, and the cliff of the valley is its side that is eroded at its base by water, and the floods wash it away, leaving it weak. 'Haar' refers to the crumbling one, which is cracked and on the verge of collapse and falling. Its weight is 'fa'al,' which is shorter than 'fa'il,' like 'khalaf' from 'khalafa.' Its counterpart is 'shaak' and 'saat,' in 'shaak' and 'saat.' Its 'a' is not the 'a' of the doer; rather, it is its root. Its origin is 'hoor' and 'shook' and 'sawt.' You will not find more eloquent than this speech nor more indicative of the reality of falsehood and its essence. And it was recited: 'cliff,' with the 'r' silent.
If you say: What is the explanation of what Sibawayh narrated from Isa ibn Umar: 'on piety from Allah,' with the nunation? I say: The 'a' was made for inclusion, not for femininity, like 'tutri' for those who nunated, it was included with Ja'far. And in the Mushaf of Ubayy: 'and its foundations collapsed with him.' It was said: A spot from the Mosque of the Harmful was dug, and smoke was seen coming from it. It was narrated that Majma' ibn Haritha was their imam in the Mosque of the Harmful. The sons of Amr ibn Awf spoke to the companions of the Mosque of Quba during the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab, asking him to allow Majma' to lead them in their mosque. He said: No, nor a blessing of the eye, is he not the imam of the Mosque of the Harmful? He said: O Commander of the Faithful, do not rush against me, for by Allah, I have prayed with them, and Allah knows that I do not know what they concealed in it. If I had known what I prayed with them in, I was a young boy reading the Qur'an, and they were elders who did not read anything from the Qur'an. So he excused him and believed him and ordered him to pray with his people.
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