Tafsir for verses: 89:17, 89:18, 89:19, 89:20
كـَلَّاۖ بَل لَّا تُكۡرِمُونَ ٱلۡيَتِيمَ ١٧ ﴿17 وَلَا تَحَٰٓضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ ٱلۡمِسۡكِينِ ١٨ ﴿18 وَتَأۡكُلُونَ ٱلتُّرَاثَ أَكۡلٗا لَّمّٗا ١٩ ﴿19 وَتُحِبُّونَ ٱلۡمَالَ حُبّٗا جَمّٗا ٢٠ ﴿20
17No! But you do not honour the orphan, 18and do not encourage one another to feed the needy. 19And you devour the inheritance with a sweeping gulp, 20and love wealth, an excessive love.
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Commentary

No! This is a deterrent for man from his saying. Then he said: Rather, there is evil beyond the saying. [Mahrud said: "I only avoid the first to indicate that there is something worse than the first saying..." Ahmad said:

And in this verse, there is an indication of the invalidation of the second answer from the answers of al-Zamakhshari, for he made his saying 'He has honored me' not blameworthy. This verse indicates that the meaning is that for the one honored by the abundance of provision, there are two states: the first is his belief that Allah's honoring him is due to deserving it, the second, which is worse than the first, is that he does not acknowledge the honoring at all, because he performs the actions of those who deny the favor, so he does not fulfill the obligatory right of Allah upon him in wealth by feeding the orphan and the poor.] And it is: that Allah honors them with abundant wealth, yet they do not fulfill what is required of them in honoring the orphan by checking on him and being kind, and urging their families to feed the poor, and they eat it like cattle, and they love it so they are stingy with it. And it has been read: 'They honor,' and what follows with 'ya' and 'ta.' And it has been read: 'You urge one another,' meaning: some of you urge each other. And in the reading of Ibn Mas'ud: 'And do not urge one another' with the 'ta' being pronounced, from the urging. Eating that is mixed, which is the gathering of the lawful and unlawful. Al-Hutay'ah said:

If he does not follow the blame of his Lord... then may the Most Merciful not sanctify those grinders. [For al-Hutay'ah. And the 'lam' is the gathering of the lawful and unlawful without distinction. And it was narrated 'his Lord' instead of 'his family,' and the grinders: the molars. And they are called 'arha' plural of wahi, he says: If the eating is a gathering, meaning: that it combines the foul and the good, it follows its owner the blame, then may Allah not purify those molars that grind that food, and the supplication against it is a supplication against its owner.]

It means: they gather in their eating between their share of the inheritance and the share of others. And it was said: they did not inherit women or children, and they eat their inheritance along with theirs. And it was said: they eat what the deceased gathered from the oppression, and he is aware of that, so he mixes between what is lawful and unlawful in eating. And it is permissible to blame the heir who obtained the wealth easily, without sweating in it, and he extravagantly spends it, and he eats it broadly, gathering between the varieties of desired foods and drinks and fruits, as the negligent heirs do, with much love and greed, while withholding rights.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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